【作者】 杨明海；

【导师】 王成山；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 同步相量测量单元(PMU)以全球定位系统(GPS)提供的精确时间为基准可对电力系统进行实时数据采集,实现对各个节点的同步测量。由于经济和技术等方面的原因,每个节点都配置PMU是不经济也是不现实的,为此,如何解决PMU在电力系统中的优化配置问题得到了众多学者的关注。本文根据系统故障后发电机的同调特性对发电机进行分群,使群中的所有发电机具有相近的转子角度振荡曲线,在每个群中配置一个PMU就可实现对发电机所在整个群的监测,从而达到用少量的PMU就能对整个系统实时监测的效果。本文采用同调分群的理论,应用系统模型的可达性格纳姆识别发电机的相关性。该方法是一种快速、清晰的方法,它根据模型的可达性格纳姆矩阵,建立了识别发电机相关的充分且必要条件。根据发电机的相关性,采用改进的图遍历方法对相关发电机分群,发展出了有效的PMU配置方法。应用上述PMU配置方法,本文以华中系统中500kV线路故障为例,分别计算在基本负荷、随机负荷和最大负荷条件下的分群结果。并以所有分群结果为研究对象,根据分层聚类分析的理论,采用类平均法将不同故障下都保持较好同调性的发电机合并为一群,最终得到综合考虑各种因素下的新的分群结果,在每个群中配置一个PMU,从而达到优化配置的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 PMU can collect state information of power system with accurate time produced by GPS,thus it can measure every node data synchronously. For the consideration of economy andtechnology, it is not practical that PMU is put in every node. So the optimization of PMUallocation is regarded by manyscholars. The paper distinguishes generators bythe characteristicsof coherent generator group after fault. The rotor angle surge curves of all generators in the samegroup are similar. If every coherent generator group assigns a PMU which represents thecharacteristics of the group, this method can realize the measurement of total system with leastPMUs.Based on coherency identification theory, this paper identifies generators correlationaccordingtoreachabilityGrammiamofsystemmodel.Themethodisfastandexact,andprovidesnecessary and sufficient condition for generator correlation recognition. Then generators aregrouped bytheir correlation usingimproved graph traversal algorithm.Thus a novel approach forPMUoptimizationallocationisdeveloped.The paper presents the result of coherent generator group identification in Huazhong powersystem using the proposed approach under the condition of basic load, stochastic load andmaximal load. On the basis of hierarchical clustering arithmetic, the coherent generator groupswith analogical characteristics are united in the result of above example using group averagemethod. In the end, the new comprehensive result of coherent generator group identification isachieved. Then every group is assigned a PMU. So a scheme of PMU optimization allocation isobtained.更多还原