【作者】 倪玉婷；

【导师】 武星；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 物理电子学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 光纤传感技术是伴随着光通信技术的发展而逐步形成的。由于光纤传感器具有传统传感器不可比拟的诸多优点,在问世的三十多年里,得到了广泛的关注与发展。分布式光纤传感技术是最能体现光纤分布优势的传感测量方法,除了具有光纤传感器的特点外,它还可以准确地测出光纤沿线任一点上的应力、温度、振动和损伤等信息,无需构成回路,因此成为了近几年光纤传感器的研究热点。现在OTDR和ROTDR的研究已经日趋完善,而基于布里渊散射的光纤传感器(BOTDR)的研究正在不断深入,由于布里渊散射本身的特性,使基于布里渊散射的光纤传感器具有广泛的应用范围和巨大的发展空间。本文首先简要概述了光纤传感的历史背景、发展过程以及不同传感器的分类比较。指出了分布式光纤传感器的优势和特点。然后详细介绍了基于不同非线性散射的分布式光纤传感器当前的进展及发展趋势。总结了基于光时域反射的分布式光纤传感器(OTDR、BOTDR、ROTDR)的原理、优缺点、应用领域以及在应用中存在的问题。接下来讨论了石英光纤的布里渊增益特性,为后续的计算工作奠定理论上的基础。本文建立了一种工程上具有实用价值的基于布里渊散射的传感系统,充分利用光缆,将传统的BOTDR和BOTDA系统结合在一起,既能克服双端输入在工程上的不便也能以较低的价位得到预期的效果。除此而外,还对BOTDA的光耦合过程进行了模拟仿真。通过Tecplot软件画出了耦合图形,并计算得出了在何种条件下可以得到最好的检测效果。为今后的BOTDA实用化、商用化提供了一定的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fiber sensor technology has been forming with the development of the optical communication. For the fiber sensor has many advantages which can’t be found in ordinary sensors, it has been paid great attention and have got great development in the past 30 years. The distributed optical fiber sensor can best express the advantage of the fiber. Besides the features of the ordinary fiber sensors, it can accurately measure the fiber’s information of stress, temperature, vibration, and damage without forming a loop, therefore, the distributed fiber sensor has become the hot spot these years.The researches on the OTDR and the ROTDR have been done a lot; however, the researches on BOTDR are still in propounding. Because of the strategy of the Brillouin scatter, the distributed fiber sensor basing on the Brillouin scatter has wide using area and huge development space.This paper summarizes the development situation of the fiber sensors and the comparison among different fiber sensors, points out the strategy and advantages of distributed fiber sensor. Then it detailed introduces the development condition and the trend of the fiber sensors basing on different nonlinear scatters and generalizes the principle, merit and demerit, using area and the problems in using. After that, we discuss the silica fiber’s Brillouin scatter in order to found a theory basis for the following work. In this paper, we establish a sensor system with use value. It makes use of the fiber optical cable and combines the BOTDR and BOTDA, in that case, we not only can solve the inconvenient problem, but also can get expected result at low expense. Except this, we emulate the couple procedure of the Brillouin scatter and give pictures using the Tecplot software. We also calculate in which condition we can get the best detection result. All these work provide the theory evidences for the practice and commercial using of the BOTDA.更多还原