【作者】 张国全；

【导师】 邾继贵；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 测试计量技术与仪器， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 数字近景测量技术是针对100米范围内目标所获取的近景图像,通过图像处理来获取物体三维信息。本文所研究的光学坐标测量系统是建立在数字近景测量技术的基础上的一种新型精密测量系统。它具有便携性好、精度高、测量范围大、受环境干扰小等优点,适合工业工程的现场测量,具有重要的开发价值和研究意义。本文针对工业现场精密测量的需求,分析了数字近景测量技术的现状,研究了数字相机的标定、相机定向、特征点中心的亚像素提取等关键技术。基于测量系统的要求和工作流程,对系统的软件部分进行了分析,设计出基于数据库的坐标测量软件系统。随着计算机辅助设计(CAD)在工业中的广泛应用,作者在本文中初步设计了基于三维CAD模型的坐标测量软件,为光学坐标测量系统的产品化奠定了基础。论文的主要研究内容如下:1.介绍了数字近景摄影测量技术的发展过程及其现状,对基于数字近景测量的光学坐标测量系统进行了简要介绍。2.研究了数字相机的标定理论,对本系统中相机的直接标定方法进行了详细介绍。分析了系统采用的特征点(即点状激光器)的成像特点,实现了特征点成像中心的质心迭代提取法。3.对光学坐标测量软件系统进行了需求和数据结构分析,对数据库管理系统(DBMS)和文件管理系统〔FMS)进行了比较,在此基础上设计并实现了基于Access数据库的光学坐标测量软件。4.在原有的基于数据库的光学坐标软件系统的基础上添加了ACIS/HOOPS模块,为软件添加了三维显示、图形报表、图形化操作等功能,设计出基于三维CAD模型的坐标测量软件。更多还原

【Abstract】 Utilizing the technology of digital Close Range Photogrammetry (CRP), we can get the 3D information of the object whose CRP images were obtained in 100 meters using the technologies of image processing. The Opitical Coordinate Measuring System studied in this paper is based upon the digital CRP technology. This measuring system is suitable for on-field large-scale measurement because of its wide measuring volume, high precision and great efficiency.From the requirement of on-field large-scale measurement, we analyze the development of CRP technology and study the key technologies such as camera’s calibration, center sub-pixel localization. After analyzing the system working flow, we have designed and developed the software system base on database and three-dimensional CAD model.The main works of this paper are summarized as follows:1. Introduce the development and actuality of CRP technology and Optical Coordinate Measuring System.2. Study the calibration principle and center sub-pixel localization method. Introduce the direct calibration method and realize the iterative center sub-pixel localization method.3. After analyzing of software requirement and data structure, designed and developed the software system base on database.4. Redesign the measuring software and add the ACIS/HOOPS Software Development Kit to it. Then the software has graphics functions such as the 3D display, graphics report, etc.更多还原