【作者】 王艳霞；

【导师】 姚春德；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 在汽油中加入添加剂是提高汽油各项性能的有效办法之一。生物基汽油添加剂是解决四乙基铅、甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）等添加剂对环境二次污染以及对废气后处理装置的毒害等问题的重要途径之一。本课题将一种热带植物中的提取物作为添加剂,加入辛烷值为93#的高清洁汽油和乙醇汽油。通过发动机台架试验对加剂前后的汽油机燃油经济性及排放特性进行了对比和分析。在对定容燃烧弹内火焰进行拍摄分析的基础上,研究生物添加剂对滞燃期,火焰传播的影响。发动机台架试验表明:加入此种添加剂后对各种汽油的燃油经济性有大幅改善作用,加剂后可以使乙醇汽油的燃油经济性与普通汽油完全一样。对于93#高清洁汽油,除了未燃碳氢（HC）略有上升外,其他排放物如氮氧化物（NO_x）、一氧化碳等有所减少,尤其是CO₂排放减少最为显著。添加剂对乙醇汽油的NO_x排放基本没有影响,则HC和CO₂下降。通过在定容燃烧弹中的燃烧的研究对比,得到添加剂的加入对燃油起到了加快燃烧的作用。对该种添加剂应用于不同种类油品的研究结果表明,该添加剂对于改善发动机燃油经济性及排放特性有显著效果。所以,该种来自生物的添加剂不仅对减少温室气体排放有重要意义,而且对能源的可持续发展也具有重要意义。燃油燃烧特性的研究,为以后更加深入研究生物添加剂的作用机理打下了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fuel additive is one of most effective ways to improve the performance of gasoline. Adding the bio-additive to the gasoline could solve the problem of the pollution to the environment and the poison to the after treatment of the tetraethyl lead and MTBE. The bio-additive is renewable and also friendly to the environment. In order to displace MTBE and to realize the sustainable developments of energy source, the bio-additive has a good future.In this dissertation, one bio-additive extracted up from tropic plant can improve the gasoline burning efficiency. The bio-additive was added into two kinds of commercial gasoline of 93#, which are called super-clean gasoline and ethanol-gasoline respectively. Through engine bench tests, the fuel economy and emissions with and without the bio-additive were compared and analyzed. In this dissertation, based on analysis for the combustion in a constant volume combustion bomb, the parameters such as combustion delay period, combustion-flame propagation have been investigated.The results showed that when the engine ran on the fuel with the bio-additive, the fuel economy was improved effectively. When the bio-additive adding into the super-clean gasoline, the engine emissions like carbon monoxide （CO） and nitric oxide （NOx） were reduced, only except unburned hydrocarbon （HC） increased slightly. What’s more, the bio-additive shows its remarkable characteristic that can decrease CO₂ emissions from gasoline engines. For the ethanol-gasoline, when adding the bio-additive, the NO_x emissions remained the same level as usual, but HC and CO₂ decreased compared with the basic fuel. Through the measurements of combustion in a constant volume combustion bomb, the characteristic of bio-additives to promote burn was obtained.Through research on the feasibility of the bio-additive to different kinds of gasoline, it can be found that the bio-additive is effective to fuel economy and emissions. Therefore the bio-additive is not only significant to reduce greenhouse gases, but also is very important to sustainable development of fuel sources. The research on combustion performance is very important for later research on the bio-additives’mechanism.更多还原