【作者】 姜少红；

【导师】 季民；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 试验采用混凝和氨氮吹脱工艺对垃圾渗滤液进行预处理,得出混凝工艺的最佳试验参数为:混凝剂为蓝清净水剂(液体药剂),混凝剂饱和溶液的投加量为0.5 mL/L,混凝最佳pH值范围为5.5～6.5。该条件下混凝工艺对COD的去除率为30%左右;氨氮吹脱试验结果表明,在水温为20.6℃、pH值为10.8、曝气时间为4 h的条件下,氨氮去除率为80.8%。针对大港垃圾渗滤液高COD、高含盐量、高毒性的特点,采用厌氧生物滤池-好氧移动床生物膜处理工艺。试验结果表明,对高盐量的垃圾渗滤液采用生物膜法处理,可以保持系统中较稳定的生物量,避免了活性污泥法中污泥流失的问题,具有较高的处理效率。试验确定AF反应器的最佳容积负荷范围为4～5 kgCOD/(m3?d),最佳HRT为10 h,MBBR反应器的最佳有机负荷范围为3.38～5.75 kgCOD/(m3?d),最佳HRT为10 h,在该运行条件下,经过适当的启动与驯化阶段,整套厌氧生物滤池-好氧移动床生物膜反应器对渗滤液COD的平均去除率为22%,最高可达50%。为进一步提高处理效率,试验运用微生物方法分离并筛选出一株能够有效降解高含盐垃圾渗滤液的专性耐盐菌。经初步的菌种鉴别,该耐盐菌为革兰氏阴性菌,双链杆菌,菌体大小约为[(0.6～1)×(2～3)]μm。在温度为37℃,与渗滤液接触时间为9 h,细菌的有机负荷为10.39 kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d)的条件下,该种菌对垃圾渗滤液中COD的去除率可达65%;同时,将筛选出的耐盐菌投入MBBR反应器中,能使系统对COD的处理效率由原来的20%提高至47.5%,说明该种耐盐菌具有较高的专性降解能力,是处理该种高含盐、高毒性、难降解有机废水的有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The coagulation and ammonia nitrogen blow-off were carried out first by static experiment in laboratory for the pretreatment of landfill leachate. The treatment conditions of coagulation were as follows: LanQing coagulant was used here, and with the adoption of 0.5mL saturated solution in 1L leachate, pH value ranges from 5.5 to 6.5, an effect of 30% COD removal was reached. The result of ammonia nitrogen blow-off experiment showed that under the condition of water temperature 20.6℃, pH value 10.8, and the blowing period 4h, the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was 80.8%.Considering the high-salinity, high-toxity, hardly-biodegrable characteristics of Dagang Landfill Leachate, the biological treatment was carried out by using a combined biofilm process of Anaerobic Biofilter(AF) and Moving Bed Bioreactor (MBBR). The experimental result indicated that, biofilm reactor can keep a high concentration of biomass, which avoided the problem of sludge flowing away in activated sludge process, so as to maintain a better treatment effect. The operational condition obtained is as follows: for AF, with a 10 hour’s HRT, the load range for the best treatment effect is 4~5kgCOD/ (m3?d), and for MBBR, the load range for the best behavior is 3.38~5.75kgCOD/ (m3?d) with a HRT of 10h. Under the abovementioned treatment situation, and after a period of appropriate method of biofilming acclimation, the whole A/O biofilm system could achieve an everage COD removal efficiency of 22%, with the best of 50%.To improve the treatment efficiency, a microbiological method was reviewed by isolating and screening a specific strain of halotolerant bacteria. After a primary identification, the halotolerant bacteria screened out is a gram-negative bacteria, streptobacillus, with the shape feature of [(0.6~1)×(2~3)]μm. Under a condition of tenmperature 37℃, contact time 9h, organic load 10.39 kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d), the halotolerant bacteria could reach a high COD removal efficiency up to 65% through a static experiment. Besides, when the enriched halotolerant bacteria was applied into MBBR, the COD removal efficiency of the MBBR could be increased from 20% to 47.5%, which also proved that the halotolerant bacteria screened out has a high capability of specific degradation, and is a effective way in treating the landfill leachate with a high salinity, high toxicity and hardly biodegradable quality.更多还原