【作者】 杨玉萍；

【导师】 赵大传； 陶俊杰；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着水体有机污染日益加重、饮用水标准不断提高，加之常规水处理工艺对微量有机物有限的去除效率，饮用水中微量有机污染物愈来愈为人们所关注。本研究以黄河水中的有机污染物为研究对象，采用固相萃取--GC／MS检测分析技术，对黄河水中的有机污染物进行了检测分析。 研究表明：黄河水源受到一定程度的污染，黄河原水中共检出有机污染物26种，污染物包括烷烃类、酯类、酸、胺类、醇类、链烃、烃基苯、杂环化合物八大类化合物，其中有三种属于有毒物质。黄河水有机污染的特点是：烷烃类、酸类和酯类化合物检出个数较多，检出频率高，污染物的含量较高，在检出的有机污染物中所占比例较大，是黄河水的主要特征污染物。 针对这种情况，本文在以上实验的基础上，采用粉末活性炭预处理技术、粉末活性炭与高锰酸钾联用技术以及粒状活性炭深处理技术对黄河原水进行处理，并利用GC／MS联机对三种工艺去除有机污染物的效能进行检测分析。通过静态实验确定粉末活性炭和聚合氯化铝的较佳投加量分别为15mg／L和25mg／L，此时对COD_Mn的去除率为44.0％；粉末活性炭和高锰酸钾联用时二者的较佳投加量分别为10mg／L和1.0mg／L，此时对COD_Mn的去除率为55.0％，比单独用粉末活性炭提高了11.0％。TOC分析结果表明：粉末活性炭预处理、粉末活性炭与高锰酸钾联用和粒状活性炭深度处理对TOC的去除率分别为34.5％、38.2％和39.8％。GC／MS分析结果表明：粉末活性炭对有机污染物的去除率为36.4％；粉末活性炭与高锰酸钾联用可取得粉末活性炭单独应用时对有机物更好的去除效果，对有机物的去除率为43.0％。粒状活性炭对微量有毒有机污染物具有一定的去除作用，对有机物的去除率为40.9％。粒状活性炭深度处理技术在技术和经济上都要优于粉末活性炭处理技术和粉末活性炭与高锰酸钾联用技术。 最后通过对三种技术的综合比较分析，确定针对黄河原水，粒状活性炭深度处理技术为最佳技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing organic pollution of water body,the improvement of drinking water standard and the low removal efficiency of organic micro-organic pollutants by conventional water treatment technics, more and more attention has been paid to micro-organic pollution of drinking water. In this paper,solid phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC/MS） methods were used to detect and analysis the micro-organic pollutants in the Yellow RiverThe results indicated that organic compounds in different extents have polluted the yellow river source. There were 26 kinds of organic compounds detected in the Yellow River, the pollutants included PAHs, esters, acid, amine, mellow, alkane, alkyl-benzene, heterocycllic compounds and so on. Among the compounds, there were 3 kinds of toxic compounds. The characteristics of organic pollution in the Yellow River were showed as follows:the major pollutants of the Yellow River were PAHs, esters and acid.According to this kind of condition,on the foundation of above experiment,this paper studied the pre-treatment technology of PAC（powered activated carbon）、 the technology of PAC combined with potassium permanganate and advanced treatment technology of GAC （granular activated carbon） with the Yellow river water,using GC/MS to detect and analysis the removal efficiency of micro-organic pollutants by the three treatment process.Through the pilot experiment we can conclude that the PAC’s and the Polyaluminium Chloride’s better dose is 15mg/L and 25mg/L;the PAC’s and Potassium permanganate’s better dose is 10mg/L and 1.0mg/L,on which the removal efficiency of COD_Mn was up to 55.0%, 11.0% higher than that by PAC alone. The results of TOC analyses imply :the removal efficiency of TOC by PAC、PAC combined with potassium permanganate and GAC were 34.5 %、 38.2 % and 39.8 % .The results of GC/MS analyses imply : the removal efficiency of micro-organic pollutants by the PAC was about 36.4%; PAC combined with potassium permanganate can remove the更多还原