【作者】 丁玉春；

【导师】 朱晞；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 能量法概念明确,能够较好的反映地震动强度、频谱特性,特别是持时对结构破坏的综合影响,从输入能量和耗散能量的角度捕捉到结构在强烈地震作用下的非弹性变形历程,因此,对能量法的研究成为改进传统抗震设计方法的重要发展方向。本文从能量的角度考虑结构的抗震能力,对影响结构抗震性能的许多因素如地震动的持时、延性系数、力的折减因子等方面入手进行分析,求得单自由度结构的总输入能、瞬时输入能、滞回耗能等能量参数在上述影响因素作用下的规律。本文采用非线性时程的分析方法,利用计算机Fortran语言作为计算工具,并采用软件验证的方法,求出不同场地地震记录下结构的能量。从以下几方面展开自己的工作:一.研究能量时程,发现从等效速度的时程图形中可以清晰的看到地面脉冲运动的影响,直接了解到地震波的脉冲时间段,并可以了解到脉冲型地面运动结构达到最大输入能所需的响应时间。结构在承受脉冲型地面运动输入结构的能量,要比长持时地面运动所需的时间短,而结构耗散的能量要比长持时地面运动耗散的能量大得多,故结构的能量分析应从瞬时输入能以及累计耗能两个方面考虑结构的输入能,因此瞬时输入能是地震设计中不可忽视的。从总输入能量和瞬时输入能量两方面来研究地震动,可以更加全面的反映地震动对结构的破坏行为。二.通过时程分析,计算得出各种能量谱,如:输入能谱、滞回耗能谱以及输入能和最大位移之间关系的能量谱等,对已有的非弹性输入能谱可以用弹性输入能谱代替的结论进行了验证,并对场地条件对结构输入能的影响进行了分析比较;对现有的等能量和等位移准则成立的范围进行了讨论。三.分析了一些学者提出的能量简化公式,对现在有能量方法的研究的进展和现在的不足,提出了自己的设想和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The concept of the energy is clear and can reflect the strength and spectra characteristic of the earthquake perfectly, especially the duration of the earthquake brought the general affects of damage to structures,and can learn the inelastic deformation process under the earthquake from the input and hysteric energy, so the energy method is considered an important developing direction of improving traditional resisting earthquake methods.At the present time, the strength、ductility and other concepts can get the logical explanation through the energy point of view. Considering the capability of the structures resisting the earthquake through the energy to analysis the effect factors of the SDOF structures of duration、ductility coefficient、force reduction factor and so on, to get the accumulative and instant input energy、hysteretic energy etc and theirs rule of the energy.Using the elastic-plastic dynamic time-history analysis program under different fields calculated the energy of the SDOF structures. The Fortran program was compiled to solve the problem, and the same time the results was testified by the professional software. I start the work from hereinafter several aspects:1. Researching energy time-history,from the equivalent velocity time-history drawing can learn the information that where the pulse motion of the field and the response time that attain the largest input energy was very shorter than the long duration earthquake but the dissipation energy is larger located. So the instant input energy should not be ignored in earthquake design. The two aspects of input energy is same important for researching the motions of the fields, and can reflect the different damage actions totally.2. Calculating the spectra, which is the input energy、hysteric energy and the relation of the input energy with the displacement, and verifying that the inelastic input energy spectra can be substituted by the elastic input energy spectra. The fields were considered through comparing. The range of the equal displacement and equal energy rules is discussed.3. From analyzing the empirical energy equations advised by some researchers to learn the progress condition of the energy method and put forward the advices and the lacks about the empirical equation.更多还原