【作者】 吴志明；

【导师】 云志；

【作者基本信息】 南京工业大学 ， 化学工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 由于环境污染的加剧,世界各国对所有的石油产品硫含量都提出了越来越严格的要求;而上游开采的高硫原油量越来越多。这两方面的矛盾使环境友好脱硫技术不断的发展。Steve H. Lu等研究发现特定的SnSb金属间化合物由于其表面独特的结构,在常温常压下,能够和含硫化合物发生作用,从而脱除油品中的含硫,并且在一定范围内调节石油的组成,但是对汽油的脱硫效果尚未见报道。本文工作的主要目的是:以锡锑金属间化合物作为介质,进行脱除汽油中硫的研究,从而降低汽油中的硫含量。采用熔融喷雾工艺制备得到的到锡锑金属间化合物,作为汽油脱硫功能材料。在汽油中加入水和表面活性剂制成油包水型乳状液,在常温常压下,用SnSb脱除乳化汽油中的硫。通过静态脱硫实验考察了SnSb制备温度、油剂比、处理时间、颗粒大小对脱硫效果的影响。测定了动态脱硫数据,并考察了施加直流电场对动态脱硫效果的影响,考察的电压范围为-15伏到+15伏。在此基础上,初步讨论了SnSb金属间化合物脱硫的机理,简单研究了SnSb金属间化合物的再生方法。本文工作的结果表明:(1)以Sn、Sb为原料,在质量比(Sb:Sn)为49:51条件下,采用熔融喷雾工艺可制备得到锡锑金属间化合物,在常温常压下能够脱除汽油中的硫份。考察了不同熔融温度所制备的SnSb对脱硫效果的影响,通过静态脱硫实验得知,950℃为较合适的材料制备温度。(2)采用复配表面活性剂,同时加入适量的助剂可增强乳化汽油的稳定性,通过脱硫实验得知,当乳化液类型为油包水型时才有明显的脱硫效果,乳化液越稳定其脱硫效果越好。破乳时采用无机盐作为破乳剂,加入适量的氯化钾后,使得乳液完全分层,便于测定油层的硫含量。(3)常温常压条件下,静态脱硫时,乳化汽油和SnSb金属间化合物存在着一个最佳的油剂比,一定量的SnSb金属间化合物对汽油中硫的脱除存在一平衡值。动态脱硫时,电场的方向与大小对脱硫效果有显著的影响,只有电极正负极接正确,调整好适当的电压才能提高脱硫效果,对于本文所研究的体系,配以2.5伏的正电场,脱硫率最高>45%,远高于不加电场时的脱硫率,也远高于静更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of intensifying environmental pollution, all countries have set more and more strict request to sulfur content of petroleum products. Meanwhile, the quantity of high-sulfur crude oil is being increased. The conflicts of the two aspects promote the development of environmentally friendly technology. In recent years, it was reported by Steve H Lu and other researchers that SnSb intermetallic compound could remove sulfur from oil and regulate the group composition of the petroleum to a certain extent under normal pressure and room temperature because of its specious surface micro-structure and function. The desulfurization of gasoline using the SnSb intermetallic compound have not been reported yet.The main goal of this article is using the SnSb intermetallic compound to remove sulfur from gasoline. The SnSb intermetallic compound was prepared by fusion-spraying, and was used to remove sulfur from gasoline under normal pressure and room temperature. The water/oil emulsification was confected before desulfurization. Several parameters which effect efficiency of desulfurization were studied and compared through static desulfurization processes, including preparation temperature of SnSb, proportion of SnSb to oil, reaction time and dimension of SnSb particles. The dynamic data of desulfurization under different direct electric fields ranging from -15v to +15v were measured. At the same time, pilot studies on the mechanism of removal of sulfur and the regeneration method of SnSb intermetallic compound were madeThe experimental results show that:(1) Under the conditions of taking Sn,Sb as raw material, and the mass ratio of Sb to Sn being 49:51, the SnSb intermetallic compound could be prepared by fusion-spraying, and used to remove sulfur from gasoline under normal pressure and room temperature. The effect of preparation temperatures of SnSb on desulfurization was studied. Through static desulfurization experiment, it came to a conclusion that 950℃was appropriate preparation temperature.(2) Using multiple surfactants, Adding right amount alcohol could strengthen the更多还原