【作者】 王大明；

【导师】 严质彬；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， Control Theory and Control Engineering， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文对广义线性系统观测器设计进行了研究,并基于广义线性系统在实际应用中遇到的具体情况,着重讨论了具有未知输入与量测噪声时的广义线性系统的观测器设计。主要有如下内容:对于具有未知输入的广义线性系统,文中给出了一种观测器设计方法,该方法使用简单,同以往观测器设计方法相比较,这里所要的条件不对被观测系统的参数有过多要求。采用这个设计方法,可以得到具有未知输入的广义线性系统的一个全维观测器。文中还讨论了这种全维观测器存在的充分条件,同时基于一组不定矩阵方程组,给出了这种全维观测器的解析解。对有未知输入的情况,文中还提出了一种比例-积分(PI)观测器,这种观测器是基于一定假设提出的,该类型观测器对参数有扰动的系统的状态估计有一定的鲁棒性。同其它观测器不同的是,该PI观测器同时对未知输入也进行了估计,这使得该种观测器更有实际应用价值。这里同时给出了全维、降维两种观测器形式并对观测器存在的充分条件进行了分析。对非方广义系统进行了观测器设计,同时考虑了含有量测噪声的情况。文中,通过对系统的非奇异变换把广义系统问题等价地转化成正常状态空间系统问题,同时给出了广义系统状态观测器存在的充分条件和简单的设计方法。这里不但渐进估计了广义系统的状态,而且渐进估计了系统内存在的噪声,并给出了观测器的解析解。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this dissertation, design problems of observers for descriptor systems are considered. In order to satisfy the requirements of practical applications, we give a detailed discussion about design of observers with unknown input and measurement noise disturbances. The main contributions of this dissertation are as follows.For descriptor systems with unknown input disturbances, a new and easy approach is presented. Using this method, the full-order observers of linear descriptor systems with unknown input are obtained; the sufficient condition for the existence of the observers is given; and the analytical solution of this problem is addressed based on a group of indefinite matrix equations. Moreover, under some assumptions, we get a kind of proportional-integral(PI) observer; give a sufficient condition for the existence of the observer with proof; estimate the unknown input disturbances; and analyze the robustness of the observers about the uncertainty of parameters. Here, the two different forms, full-order and reduced-order, are developed.For non-square descriptor systems with measurement noises, we also design a kind of observer. By taking nonsingular transformation on the system, the problem about descriptor system is equivalently transformed into normal state space problem. At the same time,we give the sufficient condition for the existence of the observers and a simple design procedure. The observers asymptotically estimate both the state and the unknown input. Also, the analytical solution to the observer design problem is given.更多还原