【作者】 李强；

【导师】 王庆超；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 流体机械及工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 脱单塔装置属于腈纶聚合生产工艺中的一部分,是聚合工艺中比较关键的一环,其脱单效果将直接影响后期纺丝的质量甚至整个工艺的产品的质量。为此本文从机理出发建立脱单塔装置的数学模型,分析各个因素对脱单的影响效果。针对实际精馏过程,在分析几种理论精馏过程建模方法的基础上,研究并建立了脱单塔装置的平衡级稳态模型。选择经验计算模型,使计算简洁并达到较高精度;应用矩阵求逆法求解过程模型;改进归一算法,提出θ归一算法提高了模型计算的收敛性与快速性。该模型结构简单,计算量小且收敛性较好,能满足较高的工程精度要求。本文所提出的采用机理分析法建立的脱单塔装置的多输入多输出的状态空间动态模型,是以稳态模型的精确数据为基础而得到的。在建模过程中,由于其机理方程为严重非线性的微分方程,非线性模型无论在理论研究还是在实际应用中都带来相当大的困难。为此本文采用了在稳态点处进行线性化处理的方法,对非线性模型进行线性化处理,从而得到了脱单塔装置的线性状态空间模型。由于所建立的模型为20阶,因此有必要进行模型降阶的研究。本文分别研究了基于奇异值分解的两种降阶技术-均衡降阶技术和Hankel范数逼近降阶技术。并将它们应用到本文所研究的脱单塔装置的模型中。通过比较分析原系统与降阶后系统的奇异值伯德图以及H 2 ,H∞范数,得到了脱单塔装置的最适合的降阶方法与最佳降阶模型。最后通过一个简单的最优控制器,将所建立的模型应用到实际中去,仿真结果表明该模型运行效果良好。本课题得到国家自然科学基金的资助。更多还原

【Abstract】 Monomer recovery distillation column, which belongs to acrylic fiber poly- merization production technology, is a key step among the polymerization process. It will have direct influence on the quality of later spinning technology and even the production quality of the whole technology. In the paper, we developed the model of monomer recovery distillation column by mechanism analyzing and analysis the single factor that has influence on the monomer recovery distillation.An equilibrium-stage model of Monomer recovery distillation column is developed after several modelling methods of distillation process have heen analyzed. By choosing the classical and experiential model so that physical properties caculation can be simplified and has good accuracy. Inverse matrix calculation is used to solve process models.θnormalization algorithms, which improves the convergence and speediness of the model caculation, is proposed. This model has simple structure, short simulation time, and good convergence, which make itself more suitable for industrial application.The MIMO model of the monomer recovery distillation column developed by mechanism analyzing is based on the stable state data. When modelling, the mechanism equations are nonlinear, so it is difficult both in theory and in engineering. In the paper, because non-linear control is also rare in the practical application, and the development value of it is also very high, so we use the linear method near the stable state to solve above difficulty. Then we get linear model of monomer recovery distillation column.As the model established was 20 order, it was necessary to study the model reduction technology. Two methods based on Singular Value Decomposition were studied and put them to the model of monomer recovery distillation column; Through the Hankel singular values’s bode and the norm of H 2 ,H∞, comparing with full order model and the reduced model, we got the best reduced order and the most precise method for our plant. Finally through a simple optimal controller, we make the model of the monomer recovery distillation column to practice and the result of simulation shows that it circulates well. This paper is supported by更多还原