【作者】 唐登科；

【导师】 陈飞；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 道路交通系统是一个由人、车、路构成的动态系统,这三个要素必须协调地运作,才能达到整个系统的安全、快速、经济、舒适的要求。许多交通事故表面上看来是由驾驶员失误或粗心大意造成的。但深究其原因,就会发现事故多发段周围的道路环境对驾驶员的心理、生理、行为等造成了影响。如道路线形不顺畅、某处线形指标突变、道路平、纵线形指标搭配不当、视距不良等等。本文的研究正是想在前人已有的研究基础上,通过研究在低等级道路和高等级道路条件下,以不同车速行驶时线形与驾驶员心理生理反应的相关规律,并且通过不同类型驾驶员心理生理反应的异同,分析驾驶员个体差异的一些情况,来找出其中的普遍和一般的规律。从而使道路线形适应驾驶行为的需要,以期对道路交通安全与道路设计的“人性化”做出一定的贡献。为了实现上述的目标,本文研究应用心理生理学方面的理论方法和仪器设备,通过大量的行车试验,寻找道路线形与行车心理生理需求的内在关系和规律。应用回归分析方法,从大量的行车试验中,寻找驾驶员行车时道路平、纵线形及其组合与其心理生理变化的各种关系和模型,并在对模型分析中讨论适合驾驶员心理生理需求的各种道路线形指标。另外,根据试验路段实测运行车速与心率的关系建立了运行速度模型,对道路初步设计的审计和现有道路的改建工作提供了数据参考。此外论文还根据研究路段的事故统计资料,对事故发生的各方面原因进行了分析,用以对研究结果的验证。本文的最后应用文中分析和建立的行车心理生理反应与道路线形、车速的各种关系和模型,定量确定了建立在行车人安全舒适的心理生理需求的道路线形的一些主要指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 The road transportation system is a dynamic system that consists of people ,cars and roads.The three factors must operate in harmony to attain the request of safety、fast、economy and comfortable of the whole system. Many traffic accidents seem to be brought about by the misplay or carelessness of the driver. But get to the bottom of the reason, it can be found that the road environment of the black-spot make effect to the driver’s mentality, physicality and behavior,etc..Such as unsmooth of the road alignment、alignment index breaking in somewhere, the horizontal and vertical alignment index not matching appropriately and insufficient sight distance.Based on the research already done, the paper is to research the related regulation between the road alignment and the driver’s mentally and physically despondences when in different speed, under the condition of the lower level road and the high grade road. The paper is to analyze the different characteristic of the drive through different responds of different drivers,to find out the general regulation.Then the road alignment is more accommodate to the driving behavior.It would contribute to the transportation safety and the humanization of the road design.To actualize the above target, the paper attempts to get the internal relationship and rules between the road alignment and mental and physical variation, by regression analysis and many driving tests.The paper study the relationship and the model between mental and physical variation and road alignment by regression analysis and many driving tests.It discusses the road alignment which meets the mental and physical request of the driver according to the model,Inaddition,it establish the operating speed model according to the measured relationship between operating speed and heart rate.The model can afford the data to the audit of the prelminary design design and the retrofit projects.Furthermore,the paper analyze all reasons of the accident according to the accident statistic data of the test road to validate the research results.In the end, some main index of the road alignment are quantificationally established.They are meet the mental and physical request of the driver.There relationships and models of the driving response、road alignment and driving speed analyzed and established in the paper are used.更多还原