【作者】 商显福；

【导师】 吕乃基；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文构建了一个适于观察IT存在和演化的技术—经济系统,该系统脱胎于传统工业经济系统,信息技术“导演”了这场系统的突变,促成了崭新的IT的技术—经济系统。在上述系统中,IT的存在与演化都体现了复杂性。该系统具有大量不同质的元素(agent)组成,相互关系丰富,存在非线性作用,远离平衡态、历史起作用等九个复杂性存在特征;远离平衡态等系统特征使得新技术路径不断产生、发展和消亡。IT市场选择具有自然不平均性,路径锁定又被打破,这是复杂性演化采取的基本形式。微软公司就是这个系统产生发展的见证,它成功地运用信息规则,适时进入新的技术轨道,推出新产品,赢得软件业的霸主地位。它是软件业技术—经济系统的中心部分,自身就是系统演化的结果。取得垄断地位的微软成为美国政府拆解对象,用系统的角度看市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效的关系,不难发现三者不存在必然的因果关系,拆解无益于形成完全自由竞争的IT市场。以微软为代表的IT业,真正的挑战在于系统的动态性,科学的新发现、技术的新突破、商业模式的新创建都有可能打破既有垄断,IT的生存之道,就是不断建立锁定,勇于打破锁定。这些微软都做到了,未来还要求它这样做。更多还原

【Abstract】 A technology-economy system is established through which the existence and evolution of IT is to be studied. The traditional industrial system gives its place to this new one when IT emerged. The IT technology-economy system is a typical sub-system of the whole economy system where IT exists and evolves in a complexity way. The system is characterized by 9 features , such as many inhomogeneous agents, abundant relationships , nonlinear effect, history mattering ,etc . One of these features, the nonequilibrium state , gives birth to the new technological path . In the natural disequilibrium IT market, lock-in of technological path and its unlocking makes the two basic forms of IT complex evolution.Microsoft witnesses the emergence of this sub-system and its mature . The company applies information rules to practice successfully by stepping into a new technological path, or vendor’s lock-in in right time, etc. Its market status and the company own are outcomes of the evolution of this software technology-economy system ( a typical sub-system ) . But the government of America failed to recognize this fact and tried to break the company into two last century in order to keep a pure competition market. Otherwise the meaning of its structure, its act and its performance changes much in the horizon of complexity science .The real challenge of IT companies like Microsoft comes from the dynamic of the system. The scientific discoveries, the breaking through of technology development, the new business patterns are able to break down the existing lock-in. The secret of success for IT company is to establish lock-ins, and then break them down, without a halt. Microsoft did in that way, and is compelled to keep the way in the future.更多还原