【作者】 姜益军；

【导师】 何小元；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 固体力学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着航空航天等高科技领域的发展,对材料性能提出了更苛刻的要求,为满足材料性能的综合要求和高指标要求,材料的复合化成为材料发展的必然趋势。随着新型复合材料的不断涌现,复合材料在航天航空、汽车、机械、建筑物加固等领域得到了广泛应用。理想复合材料的性能理论上是可精确预测的,但从复合材料的制造工艺和使用过程来看,所有复合材料都有可能形成各种缺陷而在局部影响其力学性能,降低结构的强度。为安全、合理使用结构,对实际使用的复合结构进行力学性能测试和对缺陷进行无损检测,以了解结构的力学性能和缺陷的尺寸及数量等显得尤为重要。同时,复合材料力学理论的完善和发展也需要以实验观察和测量为基础。如何快速、准确测试材料的力学性能是实验工作者必须解决的问题。光学测试方法是复合材料测试的有效手段。本文首先根据数字散斑相关原理,利用双线性插值算法的亚像素搜索方法,对玻璃纤维蜂窝夹芯结构的拉伸力学性能进行了测试,获得了较为合理的结果。实验证明,本方法对材料力学性能测试是可以借鉴的。与一般光学方法相比,数字散斑相关技术的突出优点是对环境要求比较低。为了提高测量精度和稳定性,本文采用多模板相关方法,同时,为避免较大变形对试验的影响,采用多级相关处理技术来获得两幅非相关散斑图之间的变形。基于此方法,本文还通过光学放大技术对复合材料局部位移场进行了分析,并根据应变场进一步分析了构件的破坏形式及局部损伤对构件强度的影响。为复合材料强度分析模型的建立提供依据。.复合材料结构和复合材料加固结构的缺陷一般都是内部缺陷,传统的人工目测法很难检测。激光电子剪切散斑干涉成像技术是一种有效的无损检测技术,具有非接触、无污染、不受工件几何外形和尺寸限制、全场检测、检测灵敏度高、检测速率高、无需专门隔振和计算机实时图像记录等特点。本文利用激光电子剪切散斑干涉成像技术,采用热加载方式对玻璃纤维蜂窝夹芯结构的损伤进行了测试,对损伤位置和损伤面积的确定取得了很好结果。利用该技术对碳纤维加固混凝土结构中常见的空鼓和早期剥离情况进行了检测,并取得一定效果,为光测方法用于碳纤维加固混凝土结构的加固质量检测与评估作了有益探索。更多还原

【Abstract】 Material has even more strictly demand in material property with high-tech devolopment such as air-spaceflight field. Material made in composite method has become necessity trend in order to satisfy synthesis and high target demand in material property. Now composite material has widely applied to many fields such as air-spaceflight, automobile, mechanism, reinforced structure with new form appearance.Although material property on the ideal composite material may accurately forecast in theory, the practical composite material can form different defects that effect locally composite material property by manufacture technics or using process, thus its mechanics property need testing . Material defects that come from manufacture or using process reduce design strength. some defects in lays have much influence on material strength. For in good health and in reason use of structure, non-damage test on defects is much important so that the size and amount of defects can found out.At the same time , perfecting and developping therory system on composite material mechanics must be on the basis of testing result .How to test rapidly and accurately material mechanics properties from macro and microcosmic point of view is a question that mechanics experiment experts need solve.Optics testing method is a available measure testing composite material. In this paper first according to digital speckle correlation method combining sub-pixel seeking technique and double linear inserting value arithmetic tensile test on fibre-glass beehive structure with core is accomplished to test the mechanics properties, and obtain experiment result in reason, and analyse synchronously error factor. Comparing with commomly optics testing technique , digital speckle correlation method has obvious advantage of lower environment demand .This method may apply in testing mechanics property .In order to advance precision and stability, in this paper make the best of distortion communication in middle part of testing specimen , adopt excessive templates correlation method,and adopt multilevel correlation method to acquire distortion between two speckle non-correlation image to escape from obvious deformer effect .By optics microscope technique based on this method displacement field in local composite material and the frature behavior of composite material, damaged form and strength effect in composite material structure may be analysed.. The strength model may be offered.As defects on composite material structure and Composite material reinforced structure are inside,traditional testing method is hardly possible. Laser shearography and electronic speckle interferometry based on speckle interference principle is new surface distorton test ing method which has characteristics such as non-touching,non-pollute,geometry shape and size having hardly effect, full-field test ,video display, sensitive and rapid test, non decreasing vibration,and real time record in computer.In this paper the damage of fiberglass beehive structure with core is tested by using that method when temperature becomes high.The damaged position and area can preferably ensure by that method.In vary temperature condition analyse interference stripes, dscuss temperature sensitive. Finally succeed to test carbon fibre reinforced concrete structure empty cavity and deviated phenomena. The optics test method applying in carbon fibre reinforced concrete structure technique as exploring test can examine and evaluate reinforced engineering quanlity.更多还原