【作者】 伏传龙；

【导师】 魏无际；

【作者基本信息】 南京工业大学 ， 材料学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过在不饱和聚酯(UP)分子链中引入新的结构单元以及改进交联剂两种方法提高UPR的耐候性能，并通过QUV加速老化试验和交流阻抗测试对所合成树脂的耐候性能加以评价，为了满足作为胶衣树脂的使用，本文还探讨了UPR粘度的预测方法以及胶衣树脂的触变性能，结果表明： 通过分子结构设计引入新的结构单元1，4环己二甲酸合成出一类具有优良耐候性能和良好力学性能的UPR。其合成周期短，且聚酯中引入的脂肪环结构代替了原有的苯环结构，使UPR中苯环的摩尔百分含量降低了25％，较好地改善了UPR的耐候性能，并与传统间苯二甲酸UP进行了力学性能的比较，结果表明含脂肪环的CS与含苯基官能团的PTAS树脂相比，拉伸强度较高，冲击强度几乎相等，硬度略有下降。并用红外光谱(FTIR)对上述物质进行了分析与表征。 通过力学性能比较筛选出了优良的交联剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯，用于替代部分苯乙烯作UPR交联剂，达到提高耐候性的目的。通过FTIR、光学显微镜、测试力学性能保留率等研究手段，考察了QUV加速老化试验前后PTAS、CS、CMS的耐候性能，得到耐候性能优劣依次为CMS、CS、PTAS。 采用交流阻抗技术(EIS)对不同类型的UPR的耐候性能作以评价并对机理进行了初步讨论。EIS谱图及其等效电路拟合参数的变化趋势表明含有脂肪环的CS和CMS的耐候性能优于含有大量苯基官能团的PTAS。同时证明了采用交流阻抗法比较UPR耐候性是一种有效的手段。 通过触变环面积的和触变指数的测定比较了三种触变剂A-380、A-200、A-175气相二氧化硅的效果，结果表明三者在用量在1％～5％范围内触变指数均随触变剂用量的增加而变大，在相同的用量下，触变剂的优劣依次为：A-380、A-200、A-175。并以A-380为触变剂进行正交化试验来评定触变性能的各影响因素，得到主影响因素是架桥剂乙二醇的用量，其次是剪切时间的长短，最后是温度。 根据聚合物溶液的粘度与温度所符合的阿仑尼乌斯公式，推导出了可以用于预测一定温度、苯乙烯浓度下UPR粘度的经验方法。该经验方法将起到一定的更多还原

【Abstract】 The weatherability of the unsaturated polyester (UP) resins is advanced by two ways—new structure units brought into molecule chains and crosslinking agent improved. QUV exposure experiments and EIS tests are made to evaluate the weatherability of the resin synthesized. To satisfy the requirements as gel coat ,the way to forecast the viscosity of UPR and the thixotropy of gel coat are also discussed. The results indicate as follows:A new kind of unsaturated polyester resins(UPR) with excellent weatherability and perfect mechanical properties has been synthesized by molecule structure design to bring in a new structure-unit 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (CHDA) . The reaction time of the UPR is shortened. Phenyl ring group is replaced by naphthenic ring group in the UP and the molecule percent of phenyl ring groups has reduced by 25% to improve the weatherability greatly. The CHDA-UPR is compared with isophthalic acid UPR in mechanical properties.The result indicates CS containing naphthenic ring group compared with PTAS containing phenyl ring group ,the tensile strength is stronger than the latter, impact strength is almost equal to the latter, hardness decreases a little.The substance mentioned are also analysed by FTIR.Crosslinking agent methylmethacrylate(MMA) is selected through comparing mechanic properties, replacing styrene partly to enhance weatherability. By FTIR, optics microscope, mechanical properties retention etc. . Weatherability of PTAS, CS, CMS is tested and the sequence is CMS>CS>PTAS before and after QUV exposure.The weatherability of different UP resins are evaluated by EIS and mechanisms are discussed primarily. EIS plots and change trends of fitted parameters of equivalent circuit model indicate CS and CMS with naphthenic ring group excel PTAS with phenyl ring group . At the same time it is proved that EIS is a good means to detect the UPR weatherability.更多还原