【作者】 朱艳；

【导师】 李小珍；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 列车通过桥梁时，通过轨道引起桥梁的振动，而桥梁的振动也通过轨道引起车辆的振动。因此车辆—线路—桥梁是一个相互影响、相互作用的耦合系统，轮轨关系和桥轨关系是将三者联系起来的纽带。以往的车桥耦合振动分析在轨道模型的建立和桥轨动力耦合作用上没有详细考虑，难以较为真实地模拟轨道—桥梁相互作用关系。另一方面，列车走行安全性和旅客乘坐舒适性的正确评价有赖于轮轨关系的真实模拟。可见，有必要详细分析轮轨关系和桥轨关系，在此基础上，编制了车-线-桥耦合系统计算程序。 本文将车体、转向架和轮对视作具有横向、垂向、侧滚、点头和摇头5个自由度的刚体，考虑车辆系统的非线性特性。建立有碴轨道动力学模型和运动学方程。使用有限元法建立桥梁系统的运动方程，讨论了普通空间梁单元的单元刚度矩阵和质量矩阵。使用子空间迭代法求解结构振动的特征值。介绍了轮轨接触几何原理，采用赫兹非线性弹性接触理论求解轮轨法向力，关于轮轨蠕滑力的计算，首先按Kalker线性理论计算，然后采用沈氏理论进行非线性修正。介绍了桥轨相互作用关系和轨道不平顺。由于车-线-桥系统方程的复杂性，求解采用数值方法，对列车-轨道动力学方程采用新型快速显式积分法，对桥梁动力学方程则采用Newmark-β法。讨论了列车运行安全性及其评价指标和运行品质指标及其评价指标，如脱轨系数、轮重减载率、Sperling舒适性指标等。 使用自行编制的车-线-桥系统动力分析程序对秦沈线24m简支梁做仿真分析，并与实测结果对比，验证了分析程序的可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Train, track and bridge establish a coupling system. The bridge will produce vibration when a train or a train set pass through. At the same time, the riding comfort and the running safety of the vehicles will be influenced as the result. People in the past study did not think over the participation of the rail, so it was difficult to accurately simulate the interaction of rails and the bridge. Meanwhile the relationship of wheel-track is very important to assess the performance of vehicles. In this thesis, we aim at establishing detailed relation of wheel-track and of bridge-track, on the basis of which, we have coded programs about the train-rail-bridge coupling system.In this thesis, the rolling stock were regarded as the multiple rigid system, and all kinds of movements of the car body, bogies and wheel-set and several of non-linear factors in vehicle suspension system were fully considered. A detailed ballast track model and dynamic equations were established. The motion equation of a bridge was established by the finite element method. Particularly, we discussed the element mass matrices and the element stiffness matrices of spatial beam element. The method we used in the derivation of eigenvalue is referred to as subspace iteration. In this thesis, we have presented the principle of wheel-track spatial geometric constrains. On the base of Hertz non-linear elastic contact theory, we derived the wheel-track normal forces. On the base of Kalker’s creep theory, we derived the wheel-track creep forces and modified the values according to Shen’s non-linear theory. Also, the bridge-track relation and the track irregularity theory were introduced. In view of the complicity of the coupling system, the equations of the system were solved with the help of numerical method. In the solution of the wheel-rail dynamic equations, new explicit integration method first presented by Dr Zhai was applied and in the solution of bridge dynamic equations, the Newmark-β implicit integration method was applied. The dynamic evaluation norm of the rolling stock were summed up in this paper such as the derailment coefficient, reduction rate of wheel load, Sperling’s ride index, etc.更多还原