【作者】 孙桂林；

【导师】 程光明；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 惯性式压电驱动机构具有压电机构的结构紧凑,响应特性好,无电磁干扰,易于控制的特点,适用于高分辨率,大行程的工作场合,作为微小机械、精密机械的移动装置,在国内外受到广大研究人员的关注。本文提出通过改变驱动机构和接触面之间的摩擦系数,也就是控制驱动机构和支撑面之间的摩擦力的方法,形成新型惯性冲击式压电叠堆驱动机构的研究方案。分析了驱动机构的工作原理,设计、制作了可实现直线运动的惯性压电驱动机构结构,并作了相关的性能测试;同时为了提高惯性驱动机构的定位精度,设计了一套闭环反馈定位停止控制系统。主要内容如下:1.分析了压电驱动基础理论,对两种常用的压电驱动元件的性能特性进行了比较,测试了压电叠堆的动态特性,了解了压电叠堆的性能参数及影响因素,为新型惯性压电叠堆驱动机构的的设计提供了理论依据。2.对常规和新型惯性驱动机构进行了分析比较。针对新型惯性驱动原理,分析了接触面摩擦系数改变的基本原理。通过改变接触面摩擦系数的方法设计了一套新型惯性压电叠堆直线驱动机构。3.对所设计的新型惯性驱动机构作了相关的性能测试,进行了定电压和频率的方法,测试了驱动机构在改变接触足不同角度下的速度曲线;测试了直线驱动机构在不同材料表面运动时的速度和电压的关系;经多试验,做出了速度、步长、载荷与电压、频率的关系曲线,。直线驱动机构具有分辨率高、承载能力强、易于实现大行程。4.简要介绍了三种闭环反馈控制系统,并对三者进行了比较,最后选择使用NI数据采集卡的闭环反馈控制系统。介绍了LabVIEW虚拟仪器软件和NI数据采集卡。设计了定位停止控制系统,并对控制系统进行了实验研究。定位停止控制系统可以使驱动机构定位精度大大提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Inertial piezoelectric actuators have much characteristic such as compact configuration,good response characteristic,non-electromagnetism interfere,convenient control and so on, they are often applied on high resolution,large displacement occasion and accepted widely attention.Specially in recent years as the performance of piezoelectric element being improved, its application is gradually enlarging.This article proposes to change friction coefficient between the driving mechanism and the contact face, also is to controls friction force method between the driving mechanism and the bearing surface, forms the research plan of new style inertial actuator drived by piezoelectric stack..Analyzed the principle work of driving mechanism, design and manufacture new inertia driving mechanism structure that has been possible to realize thetranslation, and has made therelated performance test; Simultaneously in order to enhance the pointing accuracy of the newinertia driving mechanism, designed a set of closed loops feedbacks localization the control system. Maincontent as follows:1.IntroductionThrough the general introduction to main application field、main types with advantages and disadvantages,current actuation material , the paper draw a conclusion that PZT has a great advantage in precision actuation field . Also, the chapter gives the analysis of the practical structure and the existing problems of piezoelectric precision actuator.2. Basic theory on piezoelectric driving.The chapter discusses piezoelectric effect and converse piezoelectric effect. Discuss the basic principle of piezoelectric ceramic and kinds of piezoelectric actuator design the driver of precise actuator. It supplied theoretical dependence to the selection of piezoelectric multilayer actuator and the design of precise actuator.更多还原