【作者】 杨芙蓉；

【导师】 舒白梅；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 听力是一项重要的语言技能，是语言输入的主要途径之一，也是学生感知语言和学习语言的重要途径。语言学家Hymes认为，语言教学的最终目的是培养交际能力，而听懂别人的话是交际的开始，因而听力既是语言学习的手段，也是语言学习的目的。良好的英语听力是学好英语的前提和基础。 外国语学校是以外语教学为特色的学校，在英语教学上取得了较好的成绩。但近年来，随着教学规模的不断扩大，年轻教师队伍不断增大，而经验丰富的优秀老教师纷纷退离教学一线，外国语学校好的听力教学传统没有得到好的传承及进一步发展，听力教学的理论研究和教学实践没有得到很好的结合，学校的听力教学方面存在着这样或那样的问题。在外国语学校近十年的英语教学过程中，笔者通过测试、调查、观察、访谈和教研交流等的方式发现，学校听力教学的制约因素来自不同方面，有教师因素，如教师的听力素养，教学技能和策略；有学生因素，如来自学生的语音、语法、文化背景知识等的不足形成的影响听力学习的知识性障碍，还有来自心理因素、技能和策略的非知识性障碍；有教材因素，也有教学手段的因素… 笔者回顾和学习了听力的相关理论，如图式理论，三种信息处理模式即自下而上，自上而下和相互作用模式等。研究表明：听力理解是一个积极的、复杂的心理活动过程。在听的过程中，听者必须借助上下文信息和已有知识的帮助，采用各种策略，重构和理解材料的意义。 本文通过对文献的回顾，在相关听力理论的指导下，结合自己近十年来的教学经验，以及其他英语老师的听力教学之长，提出了解决外国语学校听力教学制约因素的对策，即提高英语教师的听力素养，从语音知识、词汇知识、语法知识、背景知识、心理素质及听力技能等方面扫除学生的语言和非语言障碍，选择合适的听力训练材料，把握课堂教学的流程，循序渐进地提高外国语学校的听力教学。笔者通过本文对外国语学校听力教学现状及问题进行了分析和研究，并探讨了解决这些问题的对策，旨在更好的推动外国语学校英语听力教学改革，不断提高外国语学校学生的听力水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the primary means of language input, listening plays a key role in the perception and learning of language. Listening is regarded as an important means as well as the main purpose of language learning. Listening is viewed as the foundation of the other language skills.Foreign languages schools are characterized by their English teaching and stand ahead of other secondary schools in it. However, it is not without problems in the course of their development in recent years. It is necessary to do research on listening teaching in foreign languages schools. This article, by exploring the current situation and relevant problems in the school where I work, aims at the construction of a comparatively perfect listening teaching system so as to promote its teaching reform and improve the students’ English listening proficiency.Listening comprehension is characterized by an active and complicated psychological process, which has been demonstrated by the schema theory and the information-processing models involving bottom-up, top-down and interactive processing. While listening, learners are required to reconstruct and comprehend the meaning of the materials with the help of context and background knowledge as well as all sorts of strategies.This paper does some researches on its current situation and related problems in Wuhan Foreign Languages school, by first doing a literature review in this field and then basing on the author’s ten years of teaching experience. There are many factors affecting the teaching of listening. This paper introduces and analyses the current situation and problems from the aspects of teachers, students, materials and teaching methods. Furthermore, the paper puts forward a series of strategies to optimize the English listening teaching in the foreign languages school.The whole paper consists of five chapters:Chapter One briefly states the practical significance of the study and the organization of this dissertation.Chapter Two introduces the theoretical basis of this research. It presents a literature更多还原