【作者】 李海朝；

【导师】 智海剑；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 大豆花叶病毒（SMV）病是大豆生产上的一种世界性病害，严重影响大豆产量和品质。国内外学者对大豆花叶病的抗性遗传和分子标记进行了广泛的研究。本研究的目的是针对最近发现的新株系SC-11、SC-13和SC-14进行抗性遗传和抗性基因的分子标记定位研究，为大豆抗病育种以及抗性基因的精细定位和图位克隆奠定基础。主要结果如下： 1．利用对我国北方大豆产区流行株系SC-11表现抗病的材料科丰1号、邳县茶豆、大白麻、齐黄22、诱变30、P196983、Kwanggyo和感病材料南农1138-2、南农18-6配制的抗感和抗抗杂交组合，研究了对株系SC-11的抗性遗传以及不同材料的抗性基因间的等位关系。结果表明：科丰1号、邳县茶豆、大白麻、PI96983、Kwanggyo、齐黄22、诱变30与感病品种杂交的F₁表现抗病，F₁呈3抗∶1感分离比例，F_2∶3家系呈1抗∶2分离∶1感的分离比率，证明它们对SC-11的抗性由单显性基因控制。PI96983×Kwanggyo和齐黄22×诱变30杂交后的F₂群体未发现抗感分离，表明PI96983与Kwanggyo以及齐黄22与诱变30对SC-11的抗性基因是等位的或紧密连锁的。大白麻与科丰1号、邳县茶豆、诱变30，科丰1号与Kwanggyo，PI96983与邳县茶豆杂交的F₂呈15抗：1感的比例分离，初步表明大白麻与科丰1号、邳县茶豆、诱变30，科丰1号与Kwanggyo，P196983与邳县茶豆所携带的抗SC-11的基因是不等位的，且2个抗性基因独立遗传。 2．SC-14是在黄淮地区新发现的目前唯一能侵染广谱抗源科丰1号的SMV株系。抗病性鉴定表明P196983、齐黄1号和齐黄22对SMV株系SC-14表现抗侵染，南农1138-2、邳县茶豆和科丰1号表现感病。遗传研究显示，P196983与南农1138-2、邳县茶豆和科丰1号杂交的F₁表现抗病，F₂出现3抗；1感分离，F_2∶3家系表现1抗：2分离∶1感的分离比例，表明PI96983对SC-14的抗侵染由一对显性基因(R_SC-14控制。齐黄1号和齐黄22与南农1138-2杂交在V₂期F₁无症状，F₂呈3抗∶1感分离，而在R₁期F₁表现严重的顶端坏死，F₂出现1抗∶2坏死∶1感的分离比例，且坏死F₂单株的后代产生抗病、坏死和感病的分离，表明齐黄1号和齐黄22对株系SC-14具有一对抗病基因(R_SC-140)，它在V₂期表现显性，在R₁期呈不完全显性。紧密连锁的微卫星（SSR）标记satt334的杂合带型与坏死的F₂单株几乎完全对应，证实坏死的F₂单株是杂合体。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soybean mosaic virus （SMV） is one of the most broadly distributed diseases worldwide which causes severe yield loss and seed quality deficiency in soybean （Glycine max （L.） Merr.）. International and domestic scholars have conducted many studies on inheritance and molecular marker of genes resistant to SMV strains in soybean.In present study, the major objectives were to study the inheritance of resistance to the newly identified strain SC-11, SC-13 and SC-14, and to identify the microsatellite markers linking to the resistance gene, in order to provide some useful information for soybean breeding for disease resistance and to make preparations for the fine mapping and map-based cloning of resistant gene. The main results were as follows:1. Seven soybean cultivars with resistance to SMV strain SC-11, Kefeng No.1, Pixianchadou, Dabaima, Qihuang No.22, Youbian30, PI96983 and Kwanggyo was crossed respectively with a susceptible （S） cultivar （Nannong1138-2 or Nannong18-6） to determine the inheritance of their resistance（R） reaction to SC-11. Each R parents were also crossed with each other to test the allelism of the resistance genes. The results showed that a dominant gene controlled the resistance to SC-11 in each of Kefeng No.1, Pixianchadou, Dabaima, Qihuang No.22, Youbian30, PI96983 and Kwanggyo, respectively. The absence of S segregation in F₂ populations of the crosses PI96983×Kwanggyo and Qihuang No.22×Youbian30, indicated that the single dominant gene in them are alleles at a common locus or very closely linked. Segregation in the F₂ populations from Dabaima×Kefeng No.1, Kefeng No.1× Kwanggyo, PI96983×Pixianchadou, Dabaima×Pixianchadou, Dabaima× Youbian30 was consistent with a ratio of 15R:1S. It was inferred that the resistance genes between Dabaima and Kefeng No.1, Pixianchadou, Youbian30; between Kefeng No.1 and Kwanggyo; between PI96983 and Pixianchadou were not at same locus.2. SMV strain SC-14 isolated from Shanxi Province, China, was a newly identified virulent strain and the only one that can infect Kefeng No. 1, a resistance source with a wide resistance spectrum. In present study, soybean accessions, PI96983, Qihuang No. 1更多还原