【作者】 魏成金；

【导师】 尹金来； 沈其荣；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 植物营养学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验在江苏大丰沿海滩涂大田条件下，研究了氮磷配合施用对海水蔬菜北美海蓬子生长、品质和氮磷养分积累的影响，寻求在沿海滩涂种植北美海蓬子适宜的氮磷肥施用比例，提高其肥料利用效益，为大面积田间种植和高产优质提供科学的施肥理论指导。试验结果如下： 1．在一定范围内适量施用氮磷可以使北美海蓬子的总鲜物量和菜用产量显著增加。最优氮磷配比为N 225kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅45kg·hm^-2，施肥量超过此范围产量开始下降，肥料农艺效率降低。 2．北美海蓬子可食部分Vc含量在2.44～4.42mg·kg^-1之间。施用适量氮肥可以显著提高北美海蓬子可食部分Vc含量，采样后期Vc含量高于前期；施用磷肥有降低Vc含量的趋势，后期降低更甚；氮磷配合施用有利于提高Vc含量，但高肥条件下Vc含量显著降低。 3．氮肥用量在225kg·hm^-2以内可以提高北美海蓬子可食部分可溶性糖含量，超过此施氮量可溶性糖含量开始降低。少量施用磷肥有助于北美海蓬子可食部分糖的积累，过多施用磷肥导致北美海蓬子体内磷素过量积累，使糖分分解转化为碳架而不利于糖的积累。 4．北美海蓬子根、茎、菜用茎各部位氮、磷含量随施肥量的增加而增加；氮磷积累量与各部位干重呈极著正相关，适宜的氮磷施用比例可以促进彼此的相互吸收，增加氮磷在北美海蓬子体内的积累量。 综合上述结果，在江苏沿海滩涂条件下，适量施用氮磷肥都能提高北美海蓬子的产量。对北美海蓬子生长的影响氮肥大于磷肥。适宜的施用氮磷肥有利于良好品质的形成，施氮量为225kg·hm^-2，施磷量为45kg·hm^-2可以达到高产优质的目的。施肥过量会导致减产，品质变劣。更多还原

【Abstract】 A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth, quality and accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in Salicornia bigelovii Torr., which was grown on beach and. irrigated by seawater. The aim of this study was to find out the suitable ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus for planting Salicornia bigelovii Torr., which can improve the fertilizer use efficiency and provide scientific guidence for planting Salicornia in large areas with high yield and good quality.The results were as follows:1. The total fresh weight and weight of edible stems significantly increased within a certain range of nitrogen and phosphorus application. The optimum application rate of nitrogen and phosphorus was 225 kg·hm^-2 and 45 kg·hm^-2, and the yield and fertilizer agronomy efficiency （FAE） began to decrease if the application rate exceeded this scale.2. The content of vitamin C was between 2.44～4.42mg·kg^-1. But it could be significantly increased by applying suitable nitrogen fertilizer and reached its highest level in edible stems at the harvest time later. It seemed that the content of vitamin C decreased by phosphorus fertilization and further decreased in the edible stems at harvest time later. The content of vitamin C could only be improved with suitable ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization but be decreased by over application of fertilizer.3. The content of soluble sugar could be improved when the application of nitrogen was lower than 225 kg·hm^-2 but would decrease if the amount of nitrogen exceeded this scale. The accumulation of soluble sugar increased with application of a certain amount of phosphorus. Phosphorus would accumulate in Salicornia bigelovii Torr. when more than 50 kg·hm^-2 phosphorus was applied, which resulted in the transformation of sugar into carbon skeleton and hindering the formation of soluble sugar.4. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in root and shoot increased with the application rate of nitrogen and phosphorus. The accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus were correlated positively with the dry weight. Application of suitable ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus could enhance the uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus and the accumulation of更多还原