【作者】 李晶；

【导师】 秦天才； 张君芝；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 植物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 盾叶薯蓣(Dioscorea zingiberensis)是我国特有植物，由于薯蓣皂素有着较高的药用价值，人们对其需求也越来越大，但对于盾叶薯蓣的种质资源的研究却较为少见。 本实验应用RAPD标记对15个薯蓣居群的遗传差异进行了研究，同时也检测了23份盾叶薯蓣材料的皂素含量，主要结果如下： 1．应用RAPD标记对华中农业大学薯蓣资源圃中收集的11个盾叶薯蓣居群及4个薯蓣属植物居群的混合样品进行了遗传多样性的检测，不同品种具有不同的DNA扩增带型，反映了不同品种遗传背景上的差异。对于11个盾叶薯蓣居群，19个RAPD引物扩增出153条带，其中113条为多态带，占73.86％。计算了所有居群的Nei’s相似系数与遗传距离，建立了UPGMA系统树，并通过聚类分析揭示了各居群间的亲缘关系。 2．23份盾叶薯蓣材料的皂素含量结果表明，大多数来自同一地区的不同单株材料的皂素含量差异较小，而那些皂素含量存在显著差异的材料的水分含量呈现较大差异，水分对于皂素积累很重要，水分含量过低致使皂素含量明显偏低，水分含量与皂素含量有着显著线性关系。 3．初步认为云南小花盾叶薯蓣与其他材料间存在较大的遗传差异。可以在杂交育种中作为亲本来利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dioscorea zingiberensis is unique to our country. The need of Dioscorea zingiberensis for people is getting more and more because of the great medical value of diosgenin that it contains. But the research of Dioscorea zingiberensis resources is rare.In this study, we used RAPD marker to estimate the genetic diversities of 15 Dioscorea populations and tested the contents of diosgenin of 23 Dioscorea zingiberensis plants.1. RAPD were applied to detect genetic diversity of bulking samples of 11 Dioscorea zingiberensis populations and 4 other Dioscorea populations from Dioscorea resources plot of Huazhong Agricultural University, The differences of amplified DNA bands in these varieties are reflection of their differences in genetic background. For the 11 Dioscorea zingiberensis populations, 19 RAPD primers produced 153 bands, out of which 113 bands were polymorphic. The polymorphic bands accounted for 73.86% of the total amplified bands. The Nei’s association coefficients and genetic distances of all populations were calcultated respectively and their UPGMA (Un-weighted Pair Group Mathematics Average) relationship tree were established. By clustering analysis and correspondence analysis, the relationships and genetic differences among these populations were displayed.2. The results of the diosgenin contents of 23 Dioscorea zingiberensis plants showed that most materials from the same area have little difference in diosgenin content, however those materials have significant difference in diosgenin content show obvious difference of water content, water is important for diosgenin accumulation, and extra low water content is obviously linked with low diosgenin content, water content does have obvious linear relationship with diosgenin content.3. We believed that Dioscorea parviflora from Yun nan province had obvious genetic variant with the Dioscorea zingiberensis and it could be used in Dioscorea更多还原