【作者】 朱美静；

【导师】 童群义；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 制糖工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 猴头菌多糖是猴头菌的主要活性成分之一,具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、降血脂、降血糖、抗突变、防辐射等作用。本文以猴头菌子实体为原料,对猴头菌多糖的提取、脱蛋白、脱色以及多糖的一系列理化性质进行了研究。本文对比了猴头菌多糖提取的几种方法,实验结果显示微波浸提效果较好。在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交实验得到的优化实验工艺条件为:液料比10:1,微波功率480W,微波处理5min。比较了Sevage法和TCA法脱蛋白的效果,发现TCA法脱蛋白效果更好,实验以TCA对猴头菌粗多糖脱蛋白,脱蛋白时TCA的用量为0.1%(对浓度为1%的多糖溶液)。比较了活性炭脱色和H2O2脱色的效果,结果表明活性炭脱色效果更好,通过单因素实验得到较好的实验工艺条件为:活性炭用量为1%(对浓度为1%的多糖溶液),脱色温度为30℃,脱色时间为1h。通过Sephadex G-75柱层析对猴头菌多糖进行分离纯化,得到较纯的猴头菌多糖,此多糖的相对分子质量为20996,对其进行气相色谱分析,结果表明:此猴头菌多糖由葡萄糖、D-半乳糖、L-阿拉伯糖及D-甘露糖组成。探讨了猴头菌多糖的溶解性及粘度特性。多糖溶解性实验表明,猴头菌多糖溶解性受温度影响较大,低温难溶,溶解性受酸、碱以及盐的影响较小。多糖粘度特性实验表明猴头菌多糖溶液的粘度随其浓度的增大而增大,随其温度的升高而降低,对热处理具有一定的稳定性,在酸性或碱性条件下粘度略有降低,在剪切作用下粘度下降,剪切作用消失粘度可恢复。本文把猴头菌多糖与其它几种物质分别配成混合溶液,结果表明猴头菌多糖与其它物质相互作用既可产生稀化现象又可产生增稠现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides(HEPS) is one of the most important and main activated components of hericium erinaceus pers, HEPS has many biological activities. In this paper, the systematic studies related to different extraction methods, purification and physicochemical characters of HEPS were carried out.Various extraction methods of HEPS were studied comparatively, the results showed that microwave-assisted extraction was better than other extraction methods. The optimum conditions obtained by orthogonal experiments were as follows: the ratio of liquid to solid, 10:1; microwave power, 480w; extraction duration, 5min.Two methods (sevage method and TCA method) to de-protein from crude HEPS were studied, the results showed that the later was more effective, the dosage of TCA was 0.1% relative to the HEPS solution.The decoloration of active carbon and H2O2 were studied, the results showed that active carbon was more effective to decolor HEPS, the optimum conditions were as follows: the dosage of active carbon, 1%; the decoloration temperature, 30℃; the decoloration duration, 1h.The HEPS was purified by Sephadex G-75 column, the molecular weight of purified HEPS was 20996. The gas chromatography analysis showed that the HEPS was composed of Glucose, D-Galactose, L-Arabinose and D-Mannose.The solubility and viscosity of HEPS were studied. The solubility of HEPS was relative to the temperature, HEPS was hard to dissolve at low temperature, the effect of acid, alkali and salt on solubility of HEPS were mild. Experiments showed that the viscosity of HEPS solution system increased with the increasing of concentration or the decreasing of temperature, it decreased slightly at acidic or alkaline condition and decreased when was sheared.When the HEPS and other polysaccharides were concomitant in the solution, the viscosity of the system could increase or decrease.更多还原