【作者】 刘宗英；

【导师】 陈昌福；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 水产养殖， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究分别以中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)幼鳖、中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheri sinensis)、南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)为试验对象，分别测定高活性干酵母对中华鳖非特异性免疫功能和抗病力的影响；高活性干酵母对中华绒螯蟹生长和抗病力的影响；高活性干酵母对中华绒螯蟹育苗成活率的影响；以及口服高活性干酵母对南美白对虾育苗成活率的影响。 在研究高活性干酵母对中华鳖非特异性免疫功能和抗病力的影响的试验中，试验共设6个组，在各组饵料中高活性干酵母的添加量依次为0mg／kg B．W．(对照组)、600.0mg／kg．B．W．(试验Ⅰ组)、800.0mg／kg．B．W．(试验Ⅱ组)、1000.0mg／kg．B．W．(试验Ⅲ组)、1200.0mg／kg．B．W．(试验Ⅳ组)和1400.0mg／kg．B．W．(试验Ⅴ组)。投喂30d后，从每组中各取10只中华鳖幼鳖采血，测定了中华鳖幼鳖血液中白细胞的吞噬活性、血清中溶菌酶和补体活性；另外从每组分别取30只中华鳖幼鳖用注射嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)的方法进行人工感染，检测其抗病力。研究结果表明，各试验组中华鳖幼鳖血液中白细胞的吞噬活性均显著高于对照组(t测验，P＜0.05)。第Ⅰ和第Ⅱ组中华鳖幼鳖血清中溶菌酶活性与对照组之间没有显著性差异(t测验，P＞0.05)，而第Ⅲ、Ⅳ和第Ⅴ组中华鳖幼鳖血清中溶菌酶活性均显著高于对照组(t测验，P＜0.05)。第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和第Ⅴ组中华鳖幼鳖血清中补体活性与对照组之间存在显著差异(t测验，P＜0.05)，而第Ⅰ组与对照组之间无显著性差异(t测验，P＞0.05)。投喂高活性干酵母能增强中华鳖幼鳖对人工感染A．hydrophila活菌的抵抗力。研究结果证明在中华鳖幼鳖饵料中添加高活性干酵母的量以1200.0mg／kg．B．W．左右为宜。 在研究高活性干酵母对中华绒螯蟹生长和抗病力的影响试验中，试验共设6个组，在中华绒螯蟹的饵料中分别添加0mg／kg．B．W．、600.0mg／kg．B．W．、800.0mg／kg．B．W．、1000.0mg／kg．B．W．、1200.0mg／kg．B．W．和1400.0mg／kg．B．W．的高活性干酵母，连续投喂中华绒螯蟹40d后，通过测定供试中华绒螯蟹的体重、投喂或注射患病中华绒螯蟹组织(浆)的攻毒方法，探讨了口服高活性干酵母对中华绒螯蟹生长速度和抗病力的影响。结果表明，在中华绒螯蟹的饵料中添加600.0mg／kg．B．W．至1400.0mg／kg．B．W．的高活性干酵母，对中华绒螯蟹的生长有促进作用，对身体与内脏的颜色、形态等没有明显影响；能有效地增强供试中华绒螯蟹的抗病力。与对更多还原

【Abstract】 The effect of the dietary activity yeast cell on non-specific immune function and disease resistance in juvenile soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) was studied. The turtles were divided into 6 groups and were fed with feed supplemented with different ratio of activity yeast cell, which was 0mg/kg.B.W. (control group)、600.0mg/kg.B.W. ( group Ⅰ ) ) ,800.0mg/kg.B.W. ( group Ⅱ ) ,1000.0mg/kg.B.W. ( group Ⅲ) ,1200.0mg/kg.B.W. (group Ⅳ) and 1400.0mg/kg.B.W. (group Ⅴ) , respectively. 30 days later, the turtles were blooded, and the phagocytic activity of the leucocytes, serum lysozyme activity, complement activity and disease resistance were monitored. The results showed that the phagocytic activity of the leucocytes of the experimental groups were significantly higher than that of the control group ( t-test, P<0.05) .The lysozyme activity of the serum in group Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than the control group (t-test, P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences among group Ⅰ , Ⅱ and the control group (t-test, P>0.05) . The complement activity of the serum in group Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than the control group (t-test, P<0.05 ), which were no significant differences between group I and control group (t-test, P>0.05) . The results demonstrate that the best supplementation ratio of the activity yeast cell in the soft-shelled turtle is about 1200.0mg/kg. B.W.Eriocheri sinensis were fed with feed supplemented with activity yeast cell at the ratio of 0mg/kg.B.W. , 600.0mg/kg.B.W., 800.0mg/kg.B.W., 1000.0mg/kg.B.W., 1200.0 mg/kg.B.W. and 1400.0mg/kg.B.W.,respectively. 40 days later, in order to find out the influence of the activity yeast cell on the growth rate and disease resistance and body colour of the Eriocheri sinensis, the weight of the Eriocheri sinensis were monitored and the experimental were challenged with the histoplasmin of diseased Eriocheri sinensis. The results showed the growth rate of the Eriocheri sinensis can be boosted ,but the body colour of the Eriocheri sinensis were no significant differences among experimental groups and control group when the feed were supplemented with activity yeast cell at the ratio of 600.0mg/kg.B.W. to 1400.0mg/kg.B.W.. Meanwhile, the disease-resistance of the experimental Eriocheri sinensis were highly boosted. Compared with the control group,更多还原