【作者】 张凯；

【导师】 曹凑贵； 赵德新；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 农业推广， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验于2002～2004年在池栽遮雨条件下，以弱筋型品种豫麦50为试验材料，研究了小麦生育期间不同灌溉方式对优质专用弱筋型品种冬小麦主要品质性状、产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明： 1、灌溉方式对弱筋型品种主要品质性状的影响表现为，面团形成时间、稳定时间和弱化度受水分影响较大，而容重、蛋白质含量、吸水率和出粉率等性状受水分影响较小。 2、弱筋型品种冬小麦不同灌溉方式主要品质性状有一定的差异，就弱筋型品种豫麦50而言，湿面筋含量、蛋白质含量、面团形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度、拉伸面积、拉伸阻力、最大拉伸阻力、拉伸比例等主要品质性状以灌4水方式最好，抽穗期灌1水次之，不灌溉方式最差。上述研究结果为弱筋型品种适宜灌溉方式运筹提供了重要参考依据。 3、对淀粉特性分析表明，总淀粉及其组分含量差异不显著，淀粉粘度参数差异达极显著水平；灌溉方式间淀粉特性分析结果表明，总淀粉及其组分含量、稀懈值、糊化温度灌溉方式间差异不显著，高峰粘度、低谷粘度差异达5％显著水平，最终粘度、反弹值差异达1％显著水平。全生育期不灌溉或灌溉过多降低总淀粉及其组分含量。淀粉粘度参数间灌溉方式效应不一致：高峰粘度、低谷粘度、最终粘度、反弹值以灌4水方式和抽穗期灌1水方式较好，拔节期灌1水方式较差；稀懈值以不灌溉和灌3水方式较好，灌2水方式较差，糊化温度受灌溉方式影响小。因此，在优质小麦生产中，应依据产品的最终加工用途和水分对不同品质性状的调控效应，并贯彻节水高效的指导思想，以合理确定灌溉方式的时期与灌溉定额。 相关分析结果表明，仅部分粘度参数间相关，高峰粘度与反弹值达5％水平正相关，与低谷粘度、最终粘度达1％水平正相关；低谷粘度与最终粘度、反弹值，最终粘度与反弹值呈1％水平正相关；稀懈值与糊化温度呈5％水平负相关。可见在栽培措施上具有提高淀粉品质的可能性。 4、不同灌溉方式对弱筋型品种籽粒灌浆速率和淀粉积累速率有一定影响，即：抽穗期灌1水和花后增加灌溉可提高后期灌浆速率。总淀粉和支链淀粉积累速率前期上升快，高峰期持续时间长，末期速率低；直链淀粉积累速率上升快，下降也快，高峰时间来得早；全生育期不灌溉和花后增加灌溉不同程度地抑制灌浆末期淀粉及其组分的积累。 5、在本试验条件下，灌溉方式间产量及产量构成因素差异达1％显著水平；除更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of different irrigations on the quality traits and yield and water use efficiency were studied on Yum50 (a weak gluten wheat) under rain-sheltered pot-cultivated conditions in 2002～2003 and 2003～2004 growing season. The results indicated as follows:1 、 The effects on major quality traits of irrigation showed that development time, stability time and degree of softening of Yumai50 was influenced much more but the effects of irrigation on test weight, protein content, water absorption, flour extraction and so on of Yumai50 was less.2、 The quality traits of Yumai50 was different among different irrigations. The wet gluten content, protein content, development time, stability time, degree of softening, area, resistance, the maximum resistance, ratio etc. of Yumai50 with 4 times irrigation was first. Those with one irrigation of heading were second and those with no irrigation were inferior. The above results given important reference for regulating irrigation of weak gluten wheat.3、 It was manifested that the difference between the starch and its components content was not significant but that of starch paste parameters were significantly different by analyzing starch traits. By analyzing the starch traits of ,different irrigations, it was showed that the difference of starch and its components content, BD and PT among different irrigations were not significant and PV and TV among different irrigation were different at 5% level and FV and SB among different irrigation were different at 1% level. The starch and its components content decreased under no irrigation or more post-anthesis irrigations and the effects were different among starch paste parameters. The PV, TV, FV and SB of Yumai50 with 4 times irrigation or one irrigation of heading were better and that with one irrigation of jointing was worse. The BD of Yumai50 with no irrigation or 3 times irrigation were better and that with 2 times irrigation was worse. Irrigation had little effect on PT of Yumai50. We should ensure reasonable irritation date and ration according to processing purpose of products and effects on quality traits of irrigation regulating and guidance of carrying out saving water.The correlative analysis showed that the correlation among part starch paste parameters was significant. The correlative analysis of Yumai50 showed positive correlation at 5% level between PV and SB and positive correlation at 1% level between更多还原