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超声多普勒子系统设计与计算机仿真
Ultrasound Doppler Subsystem Design and Computer Simulation
【作者】 张琳;
【导师】 周激流;
【作者基本信息】 四川大学 , 通信与信息系统, 2006, 硕士
【摘要】 超声是一种声波,在医学影像中,超声仪器使用2MHz-10MHz间的声波,此频率已远远超过人耳所能听到的20kHz。多普勒超声检测系统利用多普勒频移原理反映人体血流和组织运动状况,具有无损性,因此逐渐在临床医学中广泛应用,实践表现效果良好。超声成像设备目前广泛应用在医学临床的诊断中,需求量很大。运用多普勒技术测量血流速度已有许多年的历史。此间经历了三个重要发展时期,第一阶段是五六十年代的连续波多普勒技术,第二阶段是七十年代的脉冲多普勒技术,连续波多普勒和脉冲多普勒通常称为频谱多普勒技术。八九十年代伴随着计算机的迅猛发展,出现数字声卡,使得多普勒音频技术以及彩色多普勒应运而生。目前我国相关实验室和研究所大力致力于这方面的研究,并将相关研究成果应用于超声仪器的制造中,如超声多普勒血流测试仪便是其中之一。 本论文的主要工作是超声血流多普勒子系统的计算机仿真。深入学习超声血流检测的基本原理多普勒效应和固有频谱拓宽的成因后,用计算机仿真实现带宽和中心频率可控的多普勒频域信号,包括连续多普勒信号以及脉冲多普勒信号;仿真多普勒正交时域信号,并且模拟对应各种临床条件下的血管壁噪声和高斯白噪声,选取在硬件上容易实现的低阶数二级高通滤波器除去血管壁噪声,然后经过复数FFF变换为频谱信号,在实施FFT变换时利用重叠消除频谱不连续,以及加窗技术用于避免频率混叠。对复信号取模提取频域多普勒信号的幅度信息,在屏幕上用不同灰度象素显示经过平均后的幅值,平均FFT提升
【Abstract】 Ultrasound is the sound that has a frequency above the audible range of 20 kHz. In imaging the usual range of frequencies is between 2 MHz and 10 MHz. It is now widely used, especially in medical applications. Because ultrasonic examinations are non-invasive, cost effective and free of ion-radiation, the ultrasound imaging is one of the fastest growing image modalities. The demand of ultrasound machines is very big. Moreover, ultrasound instrument is a high-tech product and the capacity to make high quality ultrasound system may show the competitiveness of a country’s technology advantage.Doppler effect has been discovered for measuring the frequency (for the speed) change from sound reflection on moving targets. Technologies based on the Doppler effect has been used to estimate the velocity of blood flow and also the fast tissue motion (e.g., the heart motion) in clinical ultrasound exams.There are three development stages of Doppler ultrasound: the continuous wave (CW) Doppler during 1950s to 1960s, the pulse wave Doppler (PW) in 1970s, and the audio and color flow imaging starting from 1980s, all going with the development of the computer and digital audio card.
【Key words】 Doppler theory; Ultrasound Doppler system; Computer simulation;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 四川大学 【网络出版年期】2007年 03期
- 【分类号】TP274.53;TP391.9
- 【下载频次】322