【作者】 唐薇薇；

【导师】 傅华龙；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 植物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 在自然土壤中生存着大量的微生物群，它们进行着一系列土壤所必需的生物化学反应和作用。土壤微生物参与土壤的碳、氮、磷、硫等元素的循环过程和土壤矿物的矿化过程。在土壤质量的演变过程中，土壤微生物具有相对较高的转化能力。它可以作为灵敏的指示指标，能较早地预测土壤有机物的变化过程。土壤微生物量经常与土壤生物区系、土壤呼吸强度、土壤酶活性、土壤微生物多样性等被作为土壤质量的生物指标而进行研究和探讨。 本论文的第一部分首先研究了在实验室人工培养环境下土壤藻类和其他微生物在植物生长过程中对植物生长及基质状况的影响。在高温灭活土壤微生物的土壤与非灭活土壤对照中每个平行样分别接入黑麦草的草种20颗。后测定黑麦草种子的萌发时间和萌发率，0d、30d、60d、90d时候土壤微生物数量、以及15d、30d、45d、60d时植株的生长情况。通过对土壤藻、细菌、放线菌数量及种子萌发时间和萌发率、植株丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性蛋白含量、生物量、株高、根长的测定，显示基质中的土壤微生物对草种的萌发时间以及萌发率的影响不大，但对其后植株的正常生长有明显的促进作用。 在此基础上进行了利用藻、菌、草恢复沙化土壤微生态环境的研究。在四川阿坝州若尔盖沙化草地，将人工培养的藻类和菌类播种其上，并同时播种耐旱草本植物，以遮阳网覆盖与不覆盖为实验组和对照组。3个月后，对实验组和对照组的植物生长情况及土壤质量情况进行测定。结果显示，实验组地上部分植物鲜重为对照组的1.56倍，干重为对照组的1.32倍；水分含量表层实验组为对照组的2.68倍，10cm深层实验组为对照组的1.07倍，20cm深层实验组为对照组的1.13倍；土壤细菌数量表层实验组是对照组的2.79倍，10cm深层实验组是对照组的3.57倍；土壤藻类数量，表层实验组为对照组的1.81倍，10cm更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract:There are a large varity of microbe in the soil.They are carrying on a series biochemical reactiones, which are required for normal and healthy soil. The soil microbe takes part in the cycle of C, N, P, S and other elements and the processes of mineralization. In the process of soil quality change, soil microbe is a relatively better maker for the change. The soil change can be predicted by soil microbe, since it is a more sensitive standard.The amount of microbe is investageted and disussed as the parameter together with soil biota, microbial respiration,enzyme activities and microbial diversity when the soil quality are measured.In the first part of this thesis, the influence of the soil microbe to the plant and the soil was analyzed.20 Lolium multiflorum seeds were inoculated to duplicate samples seperately in the sterilized and the unsterilized soil.The germination percentage and germination time points were recorded. The amount of soil microbe were antified at Day 0 , 30, 60 and 90. The growth of the plant were measured at day 30 ,40, and 60 as well. Evaluated with the alga amount,bacteria amount, germination prcentage,germination time, MDA content,soluble protein content, bilmass, plant height and root length, we found that soil microorganism had no significant influence on the germination time and germination prcentage of Lolium multiflorum but a significant positive influence on the plant growth later.更多还原