【作者】 李化；

【导师】 唐琳；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 植物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 麻疯树(Jatropha curcas L. )为大戟科麻疯树属植物，有广泛的用途。本文研究了麻疯树的部分植化和组培性质以更好的开发我国的麻疯树资源。 从西南的6个地区采集了麻疯树种子并分析比较了它们的生物学性状和种子油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成。所有样品的百粒重范围为41.8g～71.39g，出仁率为60.02％～81.43％，种仁含油率为51.76％～57.93％，种子含油率为31.07％～47.17％，不饱和脂肪酸含量为74.89％～79.68％。其中永胜产麻疯树种子的品质最好，它的出仁率为81.43％，种仁含油率57.93％，种子含油率47.17％，不饱和脂肪酸含量79.68％。攀枝花和宁南产的麻疯树种子次之。双柏和罗甸的麻疯树种子油的酸值为0.81，在所有样品的酸值0.81～9.46中为最低。对麻疯树种子及油性质的相关数据进行方差分析。结果表明，不同产地的麻疯树种子的生物学性质、种子油理化性质和脂肪酸组成都有一些差异。 麻疯树种子的提取物有杀灭血吸虫宿主螺的活性，并且有报道推测该物质可能为皂苷。然而目前关于麻疯树皂苷的研究报道很少。本实验先用正交法对麻疯树总皂苷的提取工艺中乙醇浓度、提取系统中固液比例、水浴温度和提取次数4个因素进行研究，优选出简便可靠的麻疯树总皂苷提取工艺。其最佳提取条件是：用4倍于材料量的80％的乙醇，在70℃回流提取3次。而后采用脱脂后水浴醇提的方式大量提取，结合大孔吸附树脂和硅胶柱层析，更多还原

【Abstract】 Jatropha curcas L., a member of the family Euphorbiaceae, is known for its wildly application prospects. In this paper, some aspects of phytochemistry and tissue culture were studied to exploit and utilize the resources of the J. curcas in our county.The seeds of J. curcas from 6 different locations in Southwest China were collected and their biological characteristics were studied. The physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of the seed oils were also analyzed. The results show that the hundred-seed-weight ranged from 41.8 g to 71.39 g, the kernel weight of seed 60.02% to 81.43%, the oil content 51.76% to 57.93% in kernel and 31.07% to 47.17% in whole seed, and the total unsaturated fatty acid 74.89% to 79.68%, across the seed sources. And Yongsheng source performed the best and yielded a maximum kernel weight of seed of 81.43%, a maximum oil of 57.93% from kernel and 47.17% from whole seed, and a maximum total unsaturated fatty acid of 79.68%. The performance of Panzhihua and Ningnanwere also good. Among all the samples whose acid value ranging from 0.81 to 9.46, the Shuangbai and Luodian sources had the lowest 0.81. The data were analyzed by variance analysis. The results suggested that there were some differences in the biological characteristics of J. curcas seeds and physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of the seed oils, among the 6 sources.更多还原