【作者】 付自东；

【导师】 宋昭彬； 岳碧松；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 生态学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 胭脂鱼(Myxocyprinus asiaticus)是我国特有的珍稀鱼类，研究其耳石微结构特征将推动其早期生活史阶段的年龄生长、死亡率、补充量、种群识别等方面的研究。2003年从宜宾水陆生珍稀动物研究所采集了人工繁殖的胭脂鱼仔鱼，2004和2005年分别从四川省农科院水产研究所、重庆万州水产研究所采集人工繁殖的胭脂鱼受精卵，带回实验室孵化、饲养。本文研究了胭脂鱼仔、稚鱼的耳石微结构特征，确证了耳石日轮，探讨了营养条件、光照和温度对胭脂鱼耳石生长轮沉积的影响，并探索了对胭脂鱼仔鱼进行大规模标记的耳石标记方法。主要结果如下： 1．仔鱼的耳石上可观察到原基、中心核和生长轮等。耳石原基一般为1～2个，少数有3～4个；中心核一般为1个，少数具有双中心核。初孵仔鱼耳石形状不规则，待生长轮沉积开始后耳石变为圆形。随着仔鱼的发育，微耳石逐渐变形，在第24d观察到的耳石形状变为蚌状，耳石中心稍偏向一端；矢耳石的形状经历了从圆形到两端略突到梨形的变化，在第24d的时候两端略突，到第29d时候变为梨形。 2．刚出膜的胭脂鱼仔鱼耳石上未形成生长轮，出膜后第二天矢耳石和微耳石上均形成第一个轮纹，之后每天形成一个轮纹。生长轮数与日龄呈线性相关，相关方程为：矢耳石，N=-0.41219+0.967497D(r~2=0.97929，n=312，P＜0.001)；微耳石，N=0.7471+0.85618D(r~2=0.96951，n=311，P＜0.001)。统计检验表明，回归斜率和1.0无显著差异(t-test，矢耳石，P=0.301449；微耳石，P=0.516926)，可确认胭脂鱼耳石生长轮具有日沉积规律，为日轮。胭脂鱼仔鱼多数耳石上存在标记轮，均出现在内源营养期，但三批胭脂鱼仔鱼耳石标记轮位置略有差异，其中万州样本标记轮多出现在第3-5轮，四川省水产研究所样本多出现在第1-4轮，宜宾水陆生珍稀动物研究所样本多位更多还原

【Abstract】 The Chinese sucker (Myxocyprinus asiaticus) is an endemic fish to China. The studies on early life history stage of this species, and its resource protection and evaluation of the releasing program in the future will benefit much from the examination and analysis of otolith microstrucutre in this fish. In 2003, the larvae and juveniles of Chinese sucker were sampled in hatchery of Rare Aquatic Animal Research Institute of Yibin in Sichuan Province. In 2004 and 2005, the fertilized eggs were collected from Sichuan Fisheries Research Institute and Chongqing Wanzhou Fisheries Research Institute, respectively, and then were transferred into laboratory in College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University for rearing. Otolith microstructure of larvae and juveniles was examined and analyzed. The effects of food, water temperature and photoperiod on increment deposition in otoliths were investigated, too. Also, fluorescent and thermal marking on otoliths were studied in larval Chinese sucker. The results are as follows.Both sagitta and lapillus appeared before larva hatching, while the asteriscus appeared 13 days after hatching. The primordium, nucleus and increments were observed on ototliths. The primordium and nucleus were round or oval in shape. The number of primordium was 1-2 except for a few abnormal otoliths with 3-4 primordia. The number of nucleus was only one except for a few otoliths with 2更多还原