【作者】 喻建胜；

【导师】 涂铭旌；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文利用超声乳化电沉积法制备了抗氧化性强、平均粒度分布于纳米至亚微米级别的超细铁粉、锌粉、锡粉和铜粉,将所得超细铜粉添加到内燃机用润滑油中后,显著提高了润滑油的抗磨性能和极压性能。同时,超细粒子在润滑油中有较好的分散稳定性能。本文探讨了待制备金属粉体在酸性水溶液体系中的电沉积可能性及可能的影响因素。结果表明,电流密度、主盐浓度和pH值是在酸性环境下制备超细金属粉体的关键影响因素。电流密度影响粉体的成核与长大,是电沉积的首要影响因素;主盐浓度提供一定数量的粒子,并提高导电能力;pH值随着电沉积过程而变化,与阴极析氢有关。本文发现乳化/包覆剂在粉体制备中占有重要的位置,即粒子在沉积之后,长大之前就会被其包覆,从而抑止粉体继续生长,使粉体具有常温抗氧化的能力。同时,本文对超声波的作用机理、乳化液的配制、乳化方法进行了较深入的分析。本文对超声乳化电沉积法制备超细金属粉体的工艺过程进行了详尽的试验,并对制备设备进行了介绍。XRD相分析的结果表明制备的产物相结构与阳极材料的相一致,材料性质并未发生改变,只是三维尺寸发生了变化;红外更多还原

【Abstract】 Some antioxidation and particle-controlled ultrafine meal powder materials such as Fe,Zn,Sn,Cu were prepared by Electrodeposis with Ultrasonic Emulsification Method.Then,put some Cu powder to the base lube oil as anti-wear additive,It was showed that the ultrofine Cu can improve the anti-wear and press capability of base lube oil.as the same time ,It had a good decentralization capability and stabilization.To electrodeposit metal powder,The feasibility of metal hydronium aggradation in acidity condition was reserched.As the result,current density, consistence of main salt and pH affect the average particle diameter and output rate of ultrofine metal particle.current density is the more important factor in three ,which affect the forming and growing of particle.The main salt offers some cation and improve the electric ability.pH will change during electrodeposis.Emulsification/wrapping is a key factor to electrodeposit.The particle surface will be wrapped by Emulsification/wrapping before the particle growing up.The emulsification/wrapping make the powder anti-oxide in atmosphere. At the same time,we reserched the mechanism of ultrasonic, cavitate action.The technique process of the ultrofine particle which use eletrolysis emulsification method and the preparing equiment were explained at length in this更多还原