【作者】 杨坤；

【导师】 李光宪；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 聚丙烯作为一种常见的热塑性塑料，由于其良好的加工性，较高的力学性能，易回收和低成本等特点，使其在包装、日常消费用品和汽车配件等方面得到广泛的应用。但由于其模量小，缺口敏感性强，冲击强度低，特别是低温和高应变速率下的冲击强度低，PP作为工程塑料的应用受到限制。因此，如何提高PP的冲击强度和模量受到人们的极大关注。 无机刚性粒子加入聚丙烯中能够降低材料的成本，但所得复合材料的某些力学性能往往降低，包括屈服强度和冲击强度。如何用无机刚性粒子增强增韧聚丙烯是人们关心的一个课题。影响无机刚性粒子增强增韧聚丙烯的因素很多，本论文分别选用四种粒径的碳酸钙(CC25、CC4、CC1.8和CC0.07，平均粒径分别为251μm、4μm、1.8μm和0.07μm)和四种粒径的玻璃微珠(GB15、GB10、GB5和GB2.5，平均粒径分别为15μm、10μm、51μm和2.5μm)，两种类型的聚丙烯(等规均聚聚丙烯(PP1)和无规共聚聚丙烯(PP2))及由这两种聚丙烯按不同比例共混所得的三种共混聚丙烯(共混聚丙烯(F401：K8003=1：1(质量比)，PP3)、共混聚丙烯(F401：KS003=3：1(质量比)，PP4)和共混聚丙烯(F401：K8003=1：3(质量比)，PP5))，研究了聚丙烯基体韧性、无机刚性粒子形状和粒径大小对聚丙烯增强增韧的影响。同时，把四种粒径碳酸钙中的纳米碳酸钙与另三种微米碳酸钙级配共混(共混碳酸钙(CC25：CC0.07=1：1(质量比)，CC25／CC0.07)、共混碳酸钙(CC4：CC0．07=1：1(质量比)，CC4／CC0.07)和共混碳酸钙(CC1.8：CC0.07=1：1(质量比)，CC1.8／CC0.07))，纳米碳酸钙与四种粒径的玻璃微珠级配共混(共混玻璃微珠与纳米碳酸钙(GB15：CC0.07=1：1(质量比)，GB15／CC0.07)、共混玻璃微珠与纳更多还原

【Abstract】 Polypropylene (PP) as one of the most important commodity polymers is widely used in technical applications. Because of its good processability, relatively high mechanical properties, great recyclability, and low cost, PP has found a wide range of applications in the household goods, packaging, and automobiles. However, owing to its low modulus, high notch sensitivity, and poor impact resistance, especially under extreme conditions such as low temperatures or high strain rates, the usefulness of PP as an engineering thermoplastic is still limited. So, the challenge of increasing the impact toughness and modulus of PP has provoked considerable interest.Addition of inorganic filler into PP could reduce the cost, but some mechanical properties of the PP composites usually decreased, including the yield strength and impact strength. The challenge how to reinforce and toughen the PP using inorganic filler had provoked extensive interest. A lot of factors could influence the mechanical properties of the PP composites filled with inorganic fillers. In this paper, one sort of calcium carbonate particles with four different average particle sizes was used. The calcium carbonate particles used were with average particle sizes of 25μm (CC25), 4μm(CC4), 1.8μm (CC1.8) and 0.07μm (CC0.07) respectively. Another sort of glass bead particles with four different average particle sizes was also used. The glass bead particles used were with average particle sizes of 15μm (GB15), 10μm (GB10),5μm更多还原