【作者】 王明真；

【导师】 丁元军；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 中国哲学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 理学的形成有两个最突出的标志，这就是道统说和天理论，前者点明了儒家的学术源流，后者则突出了理学存在的真切与境界的高越。明道先生接续起了至孟子而中绝的道统，并以对“天理”的“体贴”开创了天理论，这对于宋明理学的兴起、儒学形态的演化都有极为重要的意义。可以这样说，明道先生以一“体贴”令孔孟的道德内省工夫，经历千多年的暗昧之后，得以再现。因此，对明道先生修养工夫论的深入研究，不仅与其思想重心相应，就是从儒家的历史发展角度来说，也是非常必要的。本文要做的即是对明道先生“体贴”说的研究。 明道先生追求的是一种超越内外的无分别境界，也就是万物浑然一体的大我境界。而“体贴”作为一种反省内求本心的体认修养工夫，能观心体而不坠入空寂，并能于寂感中识真除妄，从而见生生之仁的天理流行，终至明道先生追求之境界。 孟子谓尽心则知性知天，故天理即在人心，是人所固有之，因此“体贴”天理人人可行。总括来说，“体贴”的过程，就是以“闲邪”、“简约”的工夫带来开悟，达到一己生命境界的提升，然后再以“诚”、“敬”、“慎独”的修养工夫去涵养维系这一因开悟而提升所现的境界。若心能贞定于义理，闲邪存养，便能一旦豁然贯通，“天理”呈现，生命也将顿然提升至一崭新的境界；而要具备持守生命境界的高度警觉性，主要就是通过“诚敬”的修养工夫去完成；敬守此心，便能仁心常驻，所行自然合于理，因为仁在诚敬之中，诚敬即是本更多还原

【Abstract】 There are two conspicuous characteristic in forming the Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming dynasties. One is the theory of Confucian orthodoxy, which points out learning origin and development of Confucianism, the other is the theory of heavenly principles, stressing the vividness of the existence of Neo-Confucianism and profound and transcendence of state. It is very important to the rise of the Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming dynasties and the evolution of Confucian for mention that Mingdao following the Confucian orthodoxy, from Mencius and broken off to now, and initiating the theory of heavenly principles through "Titie" heavenly principles. We can say, with "Titie" Mingdao reappeared moral introspection work of Confucians and Mencius which is faint in more than a thousand years. Therefore, it is necessary for us to deeply research Mingdao’s training work theory which is relevant to the heart of his thought. The paper will research Mingdao’s theory of "Titie".Mingdao pursued a kind of undistinguishable state of holding aloof from the world, which is a Great Harmony state with all things on earth as an integral whole. As a kind of training work with self-examination and inner sought for true heart, "Titie" is able to see the heart without dropping to hollow and quiet , and tell true from false in the sense of hollow and quiet, then see heavenly principles flowing of lively and flourishing benevolent, lastly reach the state which Mingdao pursued.Mencius said if one could make a thorough inquiry into heart, he would know nature and Heaven, so heavenly principles is in human heart and innate in human更多还原