【作者】 张琳；

【导师】 伍厚恺；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 乔治·奥威尔(George Orwell)是英国二十世纪小说史上不可跳过的一个小说家，这不仅是由于他那极具传奇性的一生，更在于他短短的一生中留给我们的丰富的文学遗产。特别是他的政治寓言小说《一九八四》，在世界动荡的时代里，表达了他对整个人类前途的关注与担忧，并以其敏锐的洞察力给我们展示了一幅最为详实和生动的极权统治画面。 小说从出版至今，一直给人们以极大的阐释空间。本文首先着重对小说中大洋国的极权统治模式及策略进行分析和批判。其次，结合作品中人物命运，指出极权统治必然带来的对人类自由生存、道德、真理等一系列珍贵价值的扼杀，对人们在这一客体化世界中的生存悖论进行分析，通过对具体人物温斯顿的自我认证过程和毁灭过程的解读，展示极权统治最终在大洋国的彻底实现。最后，对小说主题作历史的回溯，从文学社会学的角度，结合作家的个人经历分析小说产生的时代背景和社会、历史根源，并在当代语境下对极权统治做出反思，将小说的阐释空间拓展至社会历史层面。更多还原

【Abstract】 George Orwell, no doubt an indelible figure in the history of the 20th British literature, is noted by his legendary life as well as the rich literary heritage he has left to us during his short life. In his political satire Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984), he shows great concern of the future of human being in a world of turmoil, presenting to us a full and vivid picture of totalitarianism with keen insight.Since its first publication, Nineteen Eighty-Four has offered a wide space for various interpretations. The present paper begins by an in-depth analysis and criticism of totalitarianism prevalent in Oceania, the mainland of a huge country. Through the description of the fates of the major characters in this novel, it points out that totalitarianism will certainly lead to total deconstruction of certain precious values, such as freedom, morality and truth. It has also analyzed people’s life attitude in such an objective world, and interpreted the self-identification and self-destruction of the protagonist, Winston, in order to prove that totalitarianism is finally realized in Oceania. In the end, from the perspective of literature sociology, this paper analyzes the historical background, social and historical roots of the novel together with the author’s personal experiences. It also makes some reflections on totalitarianism under the current context, hence viewing Nineteen Eighty-Four from a social and historical perspective.更多还原