【作者】 李萍；

【导师】 魏登云；

【作者基本信息】 安徽师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 体育科学研究的根本任务是发现和研究有关体育运动的理论和方法,揭示体育领域中各种现象、关系的本质和规律。社会调查是社会研究的主要方式,调查研究是社会科学最为熟悉和运用最多的研究方式,而问卷调查又是诸多调查研究方式中的主流。问卷调查是调查研究中用来收集资料的重要方法,它在形式上是一份精心设计的问卷表格,其用途是用来测量人们的行为、态度和社会特征。随着体育科研的发展,问卷调查被运用到体育的各个领域中,并发挥着广泛的用途。调查统计的结果指导和左右着人们对体育的认识和看法,然而,缺乏规范、粗制滥造的问卷调查越来越多,某些表面看似规范的表格数据、调查结论隐藏着致命的研究谬误,不仅误导了人们的观点,也败坏了科学研究的名誉。因此,如何提高问卷调查的效率,使问卷调查的结果真实地反应被调查的客观实际,这是问卷调查法使用者最为关心的问题。提高问卷调查本身的效率和统计参谋决策的能力,就必须努力提高问卷调查的质量,这就涉及到问卷调查的信度和效度问题。本研究基于经典测量基本理论,对问卷调查的信度和效度的应用研究。主要内容如下:1.评价重测信度、复本信度、同质信度(分半信度)检验方法的优缺点、检验方法的值得注意的问题以及其使用范围。2.论述了体育问卷调查信度检验方法的选择依据:信度系数估计误差不同、问卷数目和调查次数、问卷题目类型、量表的水平等因素。3.给出经典测量理论信度观评析,经典测量理论存在许多无法克服的技术问题,这些技术问题也直接影响问卷调查的信度。本文分析了这些技术问题给信度带来的缺点。4.分析了条目的数量、选择的指标、量表的得分范围、量表条目的内容范围、被调查者的能力全距、样本容量、调查员的素质、资料整理分析中人为误差、调查对象的人为因素等因素对信度的影响。5.分析了内容效度、效标关联效度、构想效度检验方法的注意的问题及其局限性。6.效度系数在应用时值得注意的问题和无需效度检验的条件。7.分析了问卷调查法本身固有的缺陷、样本、问卷调查的条目数量、操作化、单一方法和单一操作引起的偏差、研究者自身因素、问卷的有效回收率等因素对效度的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fundamental task of PE sciences’research is discovering and studying the theory and methodology of sports, revealing the natures and laws of sports fields’phenomena. Social Survey is the main form of social studies. Social science survey research is most familiar methods and it is widely applied, and the research of Questionnaire is the mainstream among many methods.The research of Questionnaire is an important method in collecting data during survey research, which in form is a carefully designed questionnaire form, its use is used to measure people’s behaviour, attitudes and social characteristics. With the development of sports science research, questionnaire survey was used in all areas of PE, and playing a wide range of uses.The results guide and influence the understanding and awareness about PE, however, the unstandardized, shoddy Questionnaire is increasing. Some apparently standardized forms of data have some fallacies, it not only mislead people’s perspective, but also spoils the scientific reputation. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of the survey, the results of the survey were to investigate the true objective reality, this should be the most concerned by users. In order to enhance their efficiency and statistical decision-making capacity, we must strive to improve the quality of the questionnaire survey, this involves in reliability and validityThe paper research on reliability and validity of questionnaire survey based on the basic theory of classical measurement: Main contents are as follows :1. Evaluation the advantages and disadvantages of testing methods of retest reliability , form reliability , homogeneity reliability (split-half reliability ), the using range of different valuation methods, as well as testing methodologies attention.2. The paper research on the base of testing methods of reliability in sports questionnaire : reliability of coefficient valuated different error, the questionnaire number and the number of investigations, questionnaire topic of types, levels and forms of questionnaire.3. Reliability view of classical measurement theory is analyzed; the existence更多还原