反相微乳液聚合制备AMPS改性聚丙烯酰胺

【作者】 卢时；

【导师】 夏明珠；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 微乳液(Microemulsion)是一种油、水(或盐水)、表面活性剂(包括助表面活性剂)等成分自发形成的透明或半透明的油水分散体系。微乳液聚合具有稳定性好，乳胶束粒径小(几十个纳米)且分布窄，分子量高，反应速率快，透光性好等优点。 本文在前续研究的基础上，着重研究了微乳液的性质，进行了丙烯酰胺(AM)／2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)反相微乳液共聚反应，并对共聚物进行了性能评定。得到以下结果： 用水稀释法绘制了CTAB／正丁醇／异辛烷／水拟三元体系的相图，研究了体系的增溶性质及其相行为。用电导法并结合电解质理论确定了微乳液的微观结构以及微观结构的转变。整个微乳液单相区分为W／O型微乳区，O／W型微乳区，和B.C.双连续区。 进行了丙烯酰胺(AM)／2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)反相微乳液共聚反应。考察了不同引发体系、聚合温度、引发剂浓度、pH值、乳化剂浓度对聚合物固含量(S)及相对分子质量(MR)的影响。结果表明：在采用NaHSO3-K2S2O8引发体系、反应温度为40℃、引发剂浓度为1％、pH=7、乳化剂浓度为15％时可以得到聚合物固含量为32％，相对分子质量为9.30×10~6、粒径为140nm的单分散的反相微乳液胶乳。 通过性能评定实验表明，共聚物分子链在接入AMPS基团后，表现出良好的抗盐耐温性能。AM／AMPS对高岭土模拟废水，活性污泥进行处理，絮凝效果较好，并且所形成的絮体具有絮体大、沉降速度快等特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Microemulsions are optically transparent and thermodynamically stable system . Droplet sizes generally range from 10nm to 100nm.Microemulsions are composed of water, oil and surfactant. Microemulsions polymerization have their multi-properties, such as very small droplet size, high molecular weight, fast polymerization speed and transparent opticalcharacteristics, and no phase separate at a given condition.In this work, on the base of prior to research of the subject, a series of studies on the formation and property of microemulsion, microemulsion copolymerization of AM and AMPS, and its performance assessment have been carried out. The results is:The Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of CTAB/butanol/alkane/water systems were studied by dilution method. The microstructure of microemulsion were determined through conductance technique. Via percolation theory and electrolyte theory the single-phase regions of microemulsion were delimited as W/O, O/W, bicontinuous microemulsion domains.Inverse microemulsion copolymerization of acrylamide and AMPS has been researched. The effects of initiator , polymerizing temperature, pH, concentration of surfactant and concentration of initiator on the solid content and relative molecular weight(MR) of polyacrylamide have been investigated. The results showed that the PAM with solid content of 32% , comparative molecule weight of 9.64×10~6 ,and its size distribution of 140nm was obtained when polymerizing temperature as 40℃, concentration of initiator as 1%.The performance assessment results show that: The incorporation of NaAMPS segments in polymer backbone of PAM results in excellent properties of copolymer, such as resistance to temperature and salt tolerance. The PAM prepared has excellent flocculation performance when be used to treat kaolin suspension medium and active sludge.更多还原