发射药等离子体点火燃烧中止试验研究

【作者】 侯保国；

【导师】 徐复铭； 应三九；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 电热化学发射技术是一种新概念发射技术，利用等离子体对发射药进行点火和控制燃烧过程，能够大大提高火炮的性能。现在正受到世界各国越来越多的关注。论文对电热化学炮中固体发射药的等离子体点火做了理论和实验研究。主要内容有： 建立了等离子体点火中止燃烧试验系统，对等离子体与发射药相互作用的机理进行了试验研究。实验结果表明，在相同的点火条件下，不同种类发射药，点火难易程度不同，点火延迟时间不同，与发射药的理化性质和装药结构密切相关。增大电能输入，有利于点火和增大燃速。不同结构的等离子体发生器放电效率不一样，对点火有很大影响。 回收等离子体点火中止燃烧后残存发射药，进行了表面电子显微镜观察和X射线荧光光谱分析，结果表明：由于等离子体的侵蚀和辐射作用，发射药颜色和表面结构发生显著变化，同时表面金属成分铜的含量有较大升高，是等离子体射流作用的结果。 与常规点火比较，等离子体点火可以缩短点火延迟时间，显著增强燃烧，提高点火一致性和全面性。 理论上，研究了等离子体“过热点”点火理论模型，可以对等离子体点火过程进行定性地描述，分析点火过程中的各种效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 The electrothermal-chemical (ETC) gun is an advanced propulsion concept that uses plasma for ignition and combustion control, it enable to improve gun performance obviously. Now, it has aroused more and more concern in many countries. The interactions between plasma and solid propellants in electrothermal-chemical guns are studied theoretically and experimentally. The dissertation is mainly discussed as follows:The experimental setups of the interrupted-burning test are designed and manufactured. A series of experiments have been performed to investigate mechanisms of plasma-propellant interactions. The results show that the ignition difficulty and ignition delay time are different for different type of propellants in the same condition, it is related to the physical and chemical properties of propellants and the charges. It is favorable to ignite and increase burning rate to increase the input of electrical energy. The different plasma generator with different discharge efficiency is very important to performance of plasma ignition.The electron microscope and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy have been used to character the residual propellants from both plasma and conventionally ignited samples, the results indicate that there are significant changes in color and surface structure of propellant samples recovered after plasma ignition, due to ablation and radiation, and the content of the present metal Cu detected on propellants’ surface is higher than the conventionally ignited samples, it is brought by plasma injection.Compared with conventional ignition, plasma ignition has showed some benefits, shorter ignition delay time, enhanced combustion, and ignited consentaneously, and so on.In theoretically, the hot spot model of plasma ignition is studied, it can describe the ignition behaviors at a qualitative level and analyze all sots of effects.更多还原