【作者】 张鑫磊；

【导师】 陈四清； 高天翔；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 渔业资源， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要分为两部分,第一部分是对半滑舌鳎胚胎发育的研究,第二部分是对半滑舌鳎幼鱼营养需求的研究。1.半滑舌鳎胚胎发育的研究1.1温度对半滑舌鳎胚胎发育的影响温度组试验通过记录每组胚胎发育时间、仔鱼数、死卵数、仔鱼畸形数、仔鱼活力,计算得到各组孵化率、畸形率、Q₁₀值。比较后发现从18℃²2℃每升高1℃,孵化时间缩短3⁵个小时,23℃²8℃每升高1℃,孵化时间缩短的就越来越少。水温在17℃时胚胎发育停止在囊胚期前,14℃水温时发育停止在8细胞期,而且温度越低发育停止的越早;水温在29℃时,胚胎发育到孵化期而孵化不出仔鱼,30℃以上水温时,胚胎发育也停止在囊胚期。因此认为半滑舌鳎受精卵孵化温度下极限为17℃,上极限为29℃;水温从18℃²2℃,4℃的温差,半滑舌鳎全部孵化的胚胎发育时间缩短了16小时20分钟,说明这个温度段,温度对胚胎发育影响剧烈,而从23℃²8℃,胚胎发育的时间仅仅缩短了4小时15分钟,发育进程提高的不大,说明22℃以上的温度段对胚胎发育进展的影响趋于缓和。因此认为22℃是影响胚胎发育的一个重要的温度分界线。孵化率在水温20²3℃时最高,且Q10值显示温度22～23℃的范围最接近2,所以我们认为半滑舌鳎受精卵孵化的最适宜温度是22～23℃。1.2盐度对半滑舌鳎胚胎发育的影响盐度组试验在温度23℃下进行,记录了胚胎发育时间、仔鱼数、死卵数、仔鱼畸形数、仔鱼活力。试验发现,当盐度在24时,半滑舌鳎受精卵下沉,盐度低于16或高于48时,无仔鱼孵出,我们认为盐度16和48就是半滑舌鳎胚胎发育盐度的下极限和上极限。考虑到盐度28³2时孵化率均高于80%且畸形率低,活力也明显强于其他盐度下的初孵仔鱼,而盐度低于26时,受精卵开始悬浮或下沉,盐度高于34时,仔鱼漂浮水面,向下游动困难,故认为盐度适宜范围为28～32。还发现盐度实验中各组胚胎发育到各时期的时间基本相同,且与温度实验中23℃组各个时期孵化时间接近,总孵化时间也一致,认为盐度对受精卵的胚胎发育时间没有明显影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper consists of two main parts, the first part is about the fetation of Cynoglossus semilaevis and the second part is about the Cynoglossus semilaevis juvenile nutritional needs.1.the fetation of Cynoglossus semilaevis1.1the effect of temperature to the fetation of Cynoglossus semilaevisTemperature group test recorded each hatching time, fish counts, eggs died counts, fish deformities counts, fish vitality. Then calculated the group hatching rate, the rate of deformities, Q10 values. Comparison revealed that each 1℃rise from 18℃to 22℃, hatch time shoten 3~5 hours, from 23℃to 28℃, the hatch time for fewer. Fetation stopped at early blastula period at 17℃,stopped at 8 cells stage at℃14. The temperature is cooler the growth stopped earlyer. Temperature at 2℃9, the embryo growns on to hatch period and hatchs no fish, water temperature above 3℃0, fetation also stopped at blastula period. So we think Cynoglossus semilaevis embryos hatch temperature limit below 17 degrees, above 29 degrees.Water temperature from 18℃to 22℃,4℃contrast,the hatch time shorted 16 hours and 20 minutes.On the temperature, the temperature dramatic impacts on the fetation. Water temperature from 18℃to 22℃,the hatch time shorted 4 hours and 15 minutes. On the temperature of 22℃above the effects of foetal development progress to be alleviated. So we think 22℃is an important influent temperature line of fetation. The highest hatching rate appears at 20~2℃3, and Q10 value is the nearest to 2 in the scope of 22~23℃. We believe that the most appropriate Cynoglossus semilaevis embryo hatch temperature is 22~23 degrees.1.2the effect of salinity to the fetation of Cynoglossus semilaevis更多还原