【作者】 涂齐催；

【导师】 刘怀山；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 VSP法是一种井中地震观测技术。与地面地震相比,VSP资料信噪比高,分辨率高,波的运动学和动力学特征明显。VSP技术提供了地下地层结构同地面测量参数之间最直接的对应关系,可以为地面地震资料处理、解释提供精确的时深转换及速度模型,可以可靠识别地震反射层地质层位,改善地面地震资料解释效果,甚至可以利用VSP资料研究岩性和储层物性。所以,VSP技术是一种很有前途的地震观测技术。根据VSP野外观测方式不同,采集VSP资料上其地震波信息同地面地震剖面很不相同,最明显不同是VSP剖面上出现了上行波和下行波两大类波组。VSP剖面上地震波信息不同,决定了VSP处理也有别于地面地震数据,最明显差异就是VSP资料必须经过波场分离这个数据处理阶段,然后才能分别利用下行波和上行波信息对VSP资料进行解释和反演。除波场分离外,VSP处理还有许多其它独特环节。针对VSP资料研究其处理方法,形成合理处理流程,对于提高VSP资料处理效果至关重要;从某种程度上讲,研究VSP处理方法还可以提高地面地震资料处理和解释效果。本文基于PC-VSP处理系统,研究了VSP正演模拟和数据处理两部分内容。从某种角度讲,正演模拟是围绕着数据处理展开,即为VSP处理提供模拟VSP记录,作为原始输入,以此验证PC-VSP处理系统处理的有效性。数据处理部分,在讨论、分析和运用、比较VSP处理方法之后,对模拟数据和实际VSP资料作了处理,取得了比较好的效果。通过在PC-VSP处理系统上进行VSP正演模拟研究,有助于指导VSP野外数据采集施工设计和对VSP波场特征进行理论研究。通过对VSP各处理项目分析和研究,有助于设计合理VSP处理流程,使处理效果达到最佳。最后,通过调试和运行PC-VSP处理系统,有助于理解和掌握该系统运作机制以及各处理模块特点,以达到灵活运用该套处理软件对VSP资料实现快速而又准确处理的目的。因此,本文研究具有重要意义和实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 VSP Method is a seismic survey technology in wells. Compared with surface seismic technology, VSP has a higher signal/noise ratio and resolution, and its waves’motive and dynamic characteristics are more conspicuous. VSP technology provides a most directly corresponding relationship between underground stratum structures and surface survey parameters. It can provide precise time-depth conversion and velocity model for processing and interpretation of surface seismic data. It can exactly identify geologic stratum of seismic reflection and improve the interpretation effect of surface seismic data. We can even do a research on lithology and physical property of reservoir by use of VSP data. Thus, VSP is a promising seismic survey technology.Effected by field survey method, seismic wave information on gathered VSP data is quite different from that on surface seismic profiles and what is most different is that there are up-going and down-going waves on VSP profiles. This difference decides that VSP processing is different from surface seismic data and what is most different is that VSP dada must have a processing stage of wave-filed separation and then we can do VSP data interpretation and inversion by use of down-going and up-going wave information respectively. Besides wave-field separation, VSP processing also has many other special steps. Pointed to VSP data, to research processing methods and form reasonable processing flows is quite important to improve processing quality. To some extent, researches on VSP processing methods can even improve processing and interpretation quality of surface seismic data.Based on PC-VSP processing system, my thesis researches forward modeling and data processing. To some extent, forward modeling is for data processing, namely providing modeling VSP records as the primary input of data processing. In data processing part, we introduce the common VSP processing flow in one chapter and do lots of processing in another chapter, including processing of modeling and field更多还原