【作者】 沈乒松；

【导师】 张鼎华；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 植物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 磷是植物必需的大量元素之一，其主要来源为土壤。福建山地土壤有效磷严重缺乏，通常在0.1mg／kg以下。有效磷的缺乏历来是植物生长的主要限制性因子之一，严重阻碍了林木的速生丰产。通过对全省各个类型的土壤基本性质的研究，特别是无机磷分布情况的了解，为土壤管理、林分抚育和合理施肥提供理论依据 本实验研究了福建山地不同土壤类型(红壤、黄壤、砖红壤、紫色土)磷酸铁(Fe-P)、磷酸铝(Al-P)类化合物、闭蓄态磷(O-P)的含量及其占土壤全磷的比例、在土壤剖面上随深度变化的状况、红壤在不同地理位置无机磷的含量。 实验的结果表明： 1) 福建省主要土壤类型的无机磷含量趋势以闭蓄态(O-P)含量最高，其次为磷酸铁(Fe-P)，磷酸铝(Al-P)最低。 2) 福建省各地区红壤的闭蓄态磷(O-P)含量占全磷含量的比例的平均值中，上杭(北纬24°46′～25°28′)最高(64.68％)，霞浦(北纬26°25′～27°07′)次之(55.92％)，邵武(北纬26°55′～27°36′)为(39.27％)和松溪(北纬27°～27°51′)最低(30.89％)，这说明，按纬度由北向南，我省红壤闭蓄态磷逐渐增加。 3) 土壤无机磷含量与有机质含量、pH值、阳离子交换量存在负相关，通过适当的措施提高有机质含量和降低土壤酸度，从而提高土壤磷的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Phosphorus (P) is one of the necessary elements for the plants, which is mainly from the soil. The available phosphorus in Fujian mountain soils is severely absent, always under 0.1mg/kg. The absence of available phosphorus is always one of the reasons that confine the growth of plants and forest. It is necessary to study the basic character of Fujian main soil groups, especially to realize the distribution circs of inorganic phosphorus. The study can offer theory gist for soil supervising, forest tending and rational fertilizing.On this paper, we study contents of Fe-P, Al-P and O_P in different soils (red soils, yellow soils, latosol, and purple soil) and their rates in total phosphorus, the changes of them with depth at soil profile. Besides, how to increase availability of Fe-P, Al-P and O-P through forest farming is also studied in this paper.The results of the study are:1) The trend of inorganic phosphorus content is: O-P is higher than Fe-P, Al-P is the lowest in the soils in Fujian province.2) The average of the rate in total phosphorus of O-P in red soils is: Shanghang (north latitude24°46’～25°28’) is the highest (64.68%),Xiapu(north latitude 26°25’～27°07’)is the next (55.92%) ,Shaowu(north latitude 26°55’～27°36’) is (39.27%) and Songxi(27°～27°51’) is the lowest (30.89%). It means the content of O-P gradually increases in red soils in Fujian province from north to south.3) The content of organic matter has negative correlation with the totality of inorganic phosphorus, so does pH and cation exchange capacity. So we can enhance the availability of phosphorus in soils by increasing the content of organic matter and debasing the acidity in soil.更多还原