【作者】 白丁平；

【导师】 陈玉林； 田秀娥；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 在肉用绵羊集约化饲养条件下，本试验对同期发情和精液低温保存技术进行研究，并初步确定了绵羊人工授精所需最低有效精子数，进而制定出适合宁夏农垦肉羊产业化发展的程序化人工授精技术体系。结果如下： 用氯前列烯醇(0.1mg)+炔诺酮阴道栓(60mg)+促卵泡素(40IU)、氯前列烯醇(0.1mg)+炔诺酮阴道栓(60mg)+促卵泡素(60IU)、炔诺酮阴道栓(60mg)+促卵泡素(40IU)、炔诺酮阴道栓(60mg)+促卵泡素(60IU)四种同期发情方案分组处理空怀小尾寒羊母羊，结果4种不同处理方案均获得了比较满意的同期发情效果，发情同期率分别为96.5％，94.7％，90.0％，92.9％(P＞0.05)。按照经济、高效的综合评判标准，炔诺酮阴道栓(60mg)+促卵泡素(40IU)较其它3种处理方案更适宜于在养羊繁殖生产中推广应用。 用葡萄糖、柠檬酸钠、乳糖、卵黄为主要成分配制了5种绵羊精液稀释保存液，分别4、8、12、16倍稀释精液并在5℃进行保存，通过观测精子存活时间、精子有效存活时间、生存指数等指标，以筛选出精液保存时适宜的稀释保存倍数和保存稀释液。试验结果表明：4倍稀释不利于精液保存，8、12、16倍稀释精液保存结果好(p＜0.01)，结合母羊受胎率稀释保存倍数以8倍为宜；以葡萄糖3.0g、柠檬酸钠2.0g、卵黄10ml、蒸馏水90ml为主要成分的稀释保存液保存效果优于其他4种稀释保存液(p＜0.05)，最终用于绵羊精液低温保存。 按每输精剂量含有效精子数2×10~7、3×10~7、4×10~7、5×10~7、6×10~7、7×10~7、12×10~7将355只发情小尾寒羊分为7组，分别实施人工授精，通过母羊配种后25d不返情率来确定配种时每输精剂量中适宜有效精子数。试验各组母羊配种后25d不返情率分别为43.24％、42.22％、50％、60.47％、59.62％、62.79％、62.63％，当每输精剂量中有效精子数低于5×10~7时，随着每输精剂量所含有效精子数的增加，试验羊配种后25d不返情率亦逐步提高，二者呈正相关(R=0.9402)。当每输精剂量中有效精子数不低于5×10~7时，母羊配种后25d不返情率差异不显著(P＞0.05)，从保证母羊受胎率和提高公羊利用率出发，母羊一次输入有效精子数5×10~7为适宜。 根据宁夏农垦肉羊生产实际，以科学性、技术性、简便性、可操作性为设计原则，设计出以精液“供应站+供精点+输精点”为体系的三级肉羊程序化人工授精技术，通过实施效果预测，生产效益和经济效益显著，可以在宁夏农垦肉羊生产中全面推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, the program artificial insemination of mutton sheep in was established through estrous synchronization, chilled storage semen, semen optimal dilution bind with spermatozoa number. The results were as follows.Four estrus synchrony scheme of PG (0.1 mg) + Norgestrel-sponge (60mg) + FSH (40IU), PG (0.1 mg) + Norgestrel-sponge (60mg) + FSH (60IU), Norgestrel-sponge (60mg) + FSH (40IU), Norgestrel-sponge (60mg) + FSH (60IU) were used for Han sheep ewes induced estrus synchronization. The results of four estrus synchrony schemes were satisfied in this experiment, estrus synchrony rates were 96.5%, 94.7%, 90.0%, 92.9%(P>0.05), respectively. Norgestrel-sponge (60mg) +FSH (40IU) was more economical and effective than other three schemes for the induction of synchronized estrus in sheep breeding and reproduction.Optimal extenders of five were selected to dilution and chilled storage of ram semen through observation of general survival time, available survival time, survival index of sperm. The results showed: 4 times dilution was not suited for semen storage, 8, 12, and 16 times dilution were significant better than 4 times (p<0.01), in view of ewe’s conception, 8 times dilution was better than 12 and 16 times in storage semen;The extender based on glucose 3.0g, citrate sodium 2.0g, yolk 20ml was better for chilled storage than other extenders (p<0.05), and selected for ram semen chilled storage.Inseminated with numbers of ram’s spermatozoa were 20 million, 30 million, 40 million, 50 million, 60 million, 70 million, and 120 million on seven treatment group (355 ewes), to select the optimal spermatozoa number through 25d not return estrus after AI. The 25d NR rate were 43.24%, 42.22%, 50%, 60.47%, 59.62%, 62.79%, 62.63% in seven treatment group, respectively. This result showed that 25d NR rate was enhanced with numbers of spermatozoa increased when spermatozoa under 50 million, the 25d NR rate is positive correlation with the spermatozoa number(R=0.9402). With a view of ewe’s conception rate and increasing ram’s use ratio, the numbers of spermatozoa is not low 50 million in sheep inseminated.The program artificial insemination systems of mutton sheep were established according to principle of scientific, simple, and easily operate. The systems were composed of semen-supplied station, semen-supplied spot, and ewe’s AI spot. Predict the profit of更多还原