【作者】 何玉龙；

【导师】 范光丽；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 发育生物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 为了探讨银杏叶提取物(EGb)防治由于雌激素缺乏导致的AD等痴呆疾病的作用机制以及EGb是否具有改善雌激素缺乏引起的认知功能障碍的作用,本文用3月龄正常SD大鼠切除双侧卵巢建立去卵巢大鼠模型,利用水迷宫检测EGb对大鼠的学习记忆功能的影响,用免疫组化SP法检测大脑皮质、海马和基底前脑中乙酰胆碱转移酶(ChAT)和一氧化氮合酶(NOS1)的表达水平。主要试验结果如下:与假手术组(Control)相比,去卵巢组(OVX)大鼠游完水迷宫全程所需时间和错误反应次数均明显增加(P<0.05);与去卵巢组(OVX)相比,EGb治疗组(OVX+EGb)大鼠游完水迷宫全程所需时间和错误反应次数均明显降低(P<0.05)。以上结果说明,去卵巢后大鼠学习记忆功能降低,表现为游完全程的时间和进入盲端的错误次数增加;接受EGb治疗后可以缩短大鼠自水迷宫起点游至终点所需时间和减少途中进入盲端的错误次数。同时,可以改变与认知功能密切相关的ChAT及NOS1在大脑皮质、海马和基底前脑的表达强度。1、大脑皮质ChAT表达的变化:与假手术组(Control)相比,去卵巢组(OVX)大鼠ChAT在顶叶皮质、扣带皮质和梨状皮质中,表达极显著下降(P﹤0.01);额叶皮质中表达变化不显著。与去卵巢组(OVX)相比,EGb治疗组(OVX+EGb)在顶叶皮质中和梨状皮质中表达强度极显著上升(P﹤0.01),而在扣带皮质和额叶皮质中ChAT表达强度上升但差异不显著。NOS1表达的变化:与假手术组(Control)相比,去卵巢组(OVX)大鼠NOS1在顶叶皮质、额叶皮质和扣带皮质中,极显著增强(P﹤0.01),在梨状皮质中,NOS1表达强度显著增强(P﹤0.05);与去卵巢组(OVX)相比,EGb治疗组(OVX+EGb)在顶叶皮质和扣带皮质中NOS1表达的强度显著降低(P﹤0.05),在额叶皮质中,NOS1表达强度差异极显著降低(P﹤0.01),梨状皮质中变化不显著。2、海马中ChAT表达的变化:与假手术组(Control)相比,去卵巢组(OVX)大鼠海马中CA1和CA2区显著减弱(P<0.05),CA3和齿状回极显著减弱(P<0.01);与更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the mechanism of Alzheimer’sdisease( AD )for lacking of estradiol and whether ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) can meliorate recognition function for lack of estradiol , it was studied the effects of EGb on the learning and memory and the expression of ChAT and NOS1 in brain of rats. The model of ovariectomized female Sprague-Dawley rats was established then the morris water maze was used to study the change of learning and memory ability. The method of immunohistochemical ultrasensitive SP was used to study the expression of ChAT and NOS1 in the cortex of cerebrum ,hippocampus and basal forebrain. The main results as follows:1.In the cortex of cerebrum, the expression of ChAT in the cortex of Parietal Lobe, cortex cirguli and amydgaloideus corticalis of the OVX group was significantly reduced compared with Control group.(P﹤0.01);Compared with group of OVX, the expression of ChAT of Parietal Lobe cortex and amydgaloideus corticalis was significantly increased in the group of OVX+EG(P﹤0.01),but in cortex cirguli and cortex frontal was not significantly(P>0.05).The expression of NOS1 in the cortex of Parietal Lobe, cortex frontal and cortex cirguli of OVX was significantly increased compared with group of Control(P﹤0.01),it was increased in amydgaloideus corticalis(P﹤0.05);Compared with group of OVX, the expression of ChAT of the Parietal Lobe cortex and cortex cirguli was reduced in the group of OVX+EG(P﹤0.05),in the cortex frontal was significantly reduced(P﹤0.01),but the change in the amydgaloideus corticalis was not significantly.2.In the hippocampus, the expression of ChAT in hippocampus CA1, CA2 of group OVX was significantly reduced compared with group of Control(P<0.05), and significantly reduced in CA3 and dentate gyrus(P<0.01);In the group of OVX+EGb, the expression of ChAT in CA1,CA2,CA3 and dentate gyrus was increased(P<0.05). Compared with the group of Control, the expression of NOS1 in hippocampus CA1,CA3 and dentate gyrus of OVX group was significantly increased(P<0.01),it was not in CA2;In the group of OVX+EGb, the expression of NOS1 in CA1 and dentate gyrus was reduced (P<0.05),significantly reduced in CA3(P<0.01),the change was not significantly更多还原