【作者】 徐景文；

【导师】 林金火；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对天然生漆基互穿网络共混物材料的合成方法、涂膜性能、形成机理进行了研究。首先根据生漆液的结构特征，采用常温搅拌除水的传统精制工艺，在保持生漆自然干燥成膜的前提下，降低生漆液中水份的相对含量，并使漆液中的漆酚进行预聚合，以提高生漆液与合成树脂的相容能力，而后研究生漆／多羟基丙烯酸树脂IPN、生漆／有机硅丙烯酸共聚树脂IPN、生漆／腰果酚醛胺缩聚物IPN的形成机理和涂膜性能；继而对生漆漆液与不同种类异氰酸酯的反应情况进行考察，并提出生漆漆液与异氰酸酯的反应机理；然后通过异氰酸酯增强IPN中两组分的相互作用，使之实现相互贯穿。 通过对IPN涂膜性能的考察，可得到生漆与树脂的最佳比例。扫描电镜观测IPN共混物，得出共混乳液与生漆液相似，属于油包水结构。由于共混物总体上与生漆仍有不同构成，其涂膜比生漆膜更具有耐候能力。当互穿网络共混物的其中一个组分为线型聚合物时，其玻璃化转变温度会有所降低；当加入具有交联作用的异氰酸酯后，共混物形成了网络结构，故其涂膜的耐腐蚀性能和耐热性能都得到改善，耐候性也得到了进一步提高。此外，生漆／腰果酚醛胺缩聚物IPN共混物与生漆／腰果酚醛胺缩聚物／环氧树脂共混物涂膜还具有良好的抗碱性能。 结果表明，IPN共混技术用于天然生漆的改性充分利用了生漆中的各个组份，所得漆液和漆膜既保持了天然生漆液及其漆膜原有的优良性能，又提高了耐候性能和耐腐蚀性能，为天然产物尤其是中国生漆的开发应用，以及新材料研究提供理论和实验的依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN’s)based on raw lacquer were prepared in the present work. The properties and the film-forming performances of the IPN’s coating were also studied. Firstly, the lacquer sap should be stired at room temperature in order to decrease the water phase fraction . At that time, aerobic oxidation of urushiol takes place. So that, the lacquer sap can be blended with the resin easily. Raw lacquer/multihydroxyl polyacrylate resin, raw lacquer/acrylic-silicon resin, raw lacquer/polymer of cardanol formaldehyde diethylenetriamine (RL/PCD) IPN’s were synthesized. Secondly,the reaction mechanism of the raw lacquer and isocyanates was proposed. Results show, adding isocyanates as the third components of the IPN’s could effectively improve their compatibility, and enhance the interation between the components then reduce the drying time of the coating.The proper proportions between raw lacquer and resins were got by the physico-mechanical properties test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that just the same as the sap of lacquer, the IPN’s emusion are water in oil type. The glass transition temperatures (T_g) of the IPN film are reduced because of the linear resin. Adding isocyanates as the third components of the IPN has improved the compatibility and interpenetrating extent of IPN’s and increased the glass transition temperatures. The weather stability and heat-resistant of the films are also perfected. Besides, RL/PCD films exhibit both chemical resistance and weather resistance.Results show that the preparation of IPN’s make use of all the components of raw lacquer. With outsthanding physico-mechanical properties and chemical resistance, the result IPN films exhibit weather stability. Therefore, IPN technology is useful to develop the natural production, especially the Chinese lacquer, and it may also provide a reliable theoretical basis for the study and research on new material.更多还原