【作者】 赵斯梅；

【导师】 范勇；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 高电压与绝缘技术， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 科学技术的发展对材料的性能提出了越来越高的要求。纳米材料由于其特殊的结构和性能,是未来满足这种要求的最有可能的候选材料之一。有机-无机纳米复合材料综合了有机物和无机物各自的优点,在力学、热学、光学、电磁学及生物学等方面具有许多优异的性能,已经成为国内外新型复合材料研究的热点。聚酰亚胺是迄今为止在工业应用耐热等级最高的聚合物材料,是一种重要的工程塑料,已在航天航空、电子电气等多项产业中得到广泛应用。其高热稳定性和高玻璃化转变温度有助于稳定以纳米尺寸分散的微粒,不使其聚集,对合成杂化材料十分有利。但是由于它是有机高聚物,耐电晕性差,限制了其在高压电动机及变频调速电机系统中的应用,鉴于有机-无机纳米复合材料在聚合物材料改性方面的应用,对纳米杂化聚酰亚胺薄膜的发展也提出了新的要求。本文采用溶胶-凝胶法将硅铝氧化物纳米粒子较好的复合到聚酰亚胺基体中,制备出具有不同硅铝氧化物质量百分含量的聚酰亚胺无机纳米杂化薄膜,并且分别利用原子力显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱、热重分析和介电谱等对薄膜的表面形貌、结构、热性能和介电性能等方面进行了表征和测试。通过一系列的性能测试表明所制得的杂化薄膜中有机相和无机相形成了较好的纳米复合体系。同时发现无机纳米杂化聚酰亚胺薄膜不仅保留了普通聚酰亚胺薄膜原有的优异性能,而且充分发挥了硅铝氧化物无机纳米粒子的特殊性能,使聚酰亚胺在热性能及电性能等方面均有一定程度的改善和提高。除此之外,本文还着重分析了具体的工艺条件对杂化聚酰亚胺薄膜性能的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the science and technology, the more requires to materials are put forward. nano-hybrid materials will be one of the most hopeful materials which are adapted to the development because of its special structures and properties. Organic/inorganic hybrid materials have obtained more and more attentions in the fields of mechanics, thermodynamics, optics, electromagnetics, and biology etc, because of their excellent characteristics and properties of both moieties. Polyimide (PI), as a typical kind of engineering polymer material with highest thermal stability hitherto, has widely been used in the aviation and microelectronic industries because of its outstanding performances. And its high thermal stability and glass transmission temperature are beneficial to the distribution of the nano-particles, accordingly avoiding precipitation among the in the synthesis process of the polyimide. However, it has inferior corona-resistance property, which limits its application in the fields of variable frequency adjusting speed. Because of the application of organic-inorganic composite materials in the aspect of modified, polyimide nano inorganic composite is becoming more and more important.In this paper, a kind of hybrid PI film was prepared by incorporating the inorganic particles into the polyamic acid matrix resin by sol-gel reaction. The films were characterized and analyzed by FTIR, AFM, and TGA etc. It turned out that a certain of homogeneous hybrid system had formed, and that the hybrid PI/Si-Al oxide film had more excellent thermal stability, dielectric property, and corona-resistant property than the pure PI film.It also proved that with the increase of the inorganic moiety, the precipitation of the particles occurred and, therefore, led to separation between phases and impairment in the mechanical property. At the same time, we find that polyimide-nano inorganic composites have shown both of special property of hybrid PI films and excellent thermodynamics and dielectric property. This article also emphasized the special technologic conditions which were very important to the last properties of polyimide-更多还原