【作者】 洛育；

【导师】 李彩凤；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 试验选用二倍体纯系品种甜研7号和三倍体主栽品种双丰319,采用盆栽与试验小区相结合的方法,研究植物生长调节物质S-ABA(脱落酸的异构体)、G-ABA(赤霉素+脱落酸)和DA-6(己酸二乙氨基乙醇脂)不同浓度及不同时期喷施对甜菜氮糖代谢相关的硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)的活性及相伴产物和产质量的影响,筛选出适宜的生长调节物质的种类、剂量和最佳喷施时期。探讨植物生长调节物质对甜菜氮糖代谢的影响,以实现最低耗碳条件下蔗糖的有效积累,为甜菜生产中采取有效的调控措施提供一定的理论依据。研究结果如下:S-ABA在10～35mg/kg范围内随浓度的增大功能叶硝酸还原酶活性(NRA)、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性(GSA)、根中GSA都逐渐增大,当浓度大于35mg/kg时酶活降低;浓度在30mg/kg时SS合成方向活性最大,35mg/kg时分解方向活性最大。筛选出了对甜菜产糖量提高的最佳S-ABA浓度,甜研7号为30mg/kg,双丰319为35mg/kg;在此浓度下,使甜菜干物质中的灰分(K+、Na+)和α-氨基态氮含量有所下降,能改善制糖加工品质。G-ABA浓度在20～25mg/kg之间明显提高产质量,其中甜研7号最佳浓度为20mg/kg,双丰319为25mg/kg,在此浓度下,明显增加块根中蔗糖含量,降低干物质中的α-氨基态氮含量;而不同酶活性最佳表现所需要的生长调节物质浓度是不同的:20mg/kg时功能叶NRA、GSA及块根中GSA和SS分解方向活性最强,25mg/kg时根中SS合成方向活性最高。DA-6浓度在7.5～10mg/kg时能提高产质量。对最终产糖量的影响甜研7号在10mg/kg时,双丰319在7.5mg/kg时表现最佳;几乎所有浓度的DA-6对三倍体甜菜块根中灰分(K+、Na+)和α-氨基态氮含量都有降低作用;功能叶NRA、GSA、根中GSA在10mg/kg活性最高,SS合成方向最佳浓度为7.5 mg/kg,SS分解方向活性在浓度为10 mg/kg时最大。生长调节物质对甜菜产质量的调控,是通过调控氮糖代谢相关酶活性,协调氮糖代谢关系而实现的。不同生长调节剂对甜菜产质量影响效果不同:对产量影响顺序为G-ABA>DA-6>S-ABA;对含糖率影响顺序,甜研7号DA-6>G-ABA>S-ABA,双丰319 S-ABA>DA-6>G-ABA;对产糖量的影响顺序为G-ABA>DA-6>S-ABA。35mg/kg S-ABA、20mg/kg G-ABA和10mg/kg DA-6不同时期喷施对最终产糖量的影响顺序均为:块根增长期>叶丛形成期>对照>糖分积累期。在本试验条件下,筛选出对甜菜产质量提高最有效的植物生长调节物质是G-ABA,浓度甜研7号为20mg/kg,双丰319为25mg/kg;全生育期多次喷施效果明显好于某一生育时期单次喷施。所以,在大田生产上适宜推广应用G-ABA,并在糖分积累期之前喷施。更多还原

【Abstract】 By using Diplontic clonal sugar beet variety Tianyan 7 and main plant varieties Shuangfeng 319 and combining the methods of pot planting and field trial, the effect of growth regulating substances S-ABA (S-absic), G-ABA (gibberellin and absic) and DA-6 (hexanoic acid 2-(diethylamino) ethyl ester) used under different concentrations and in different spraying period on the activity of Nitrogen and Sugar metabolism-relative enzyme(nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS) and saccharase (SS)) and their associated product were researched and the yield and quality of sugar beet ,the suitable kind, dose and best spraying stage of growth regulating substance were screened out. The physiological basis of the effects of growth regulating substance on nitrogen and sugar metabolism of sugar beet were explored in order to achieve effective accumulation of sugar on condition of the lowest carbon consuming and to provide the theorical reference for taking effective regulating measures in sugar beet production. The results were as follow:When the concentrations of S-ABA was in range of 10 to 35mg/kg, NR activity (NRA) and GS activity (GSA) of leaves and root gradually enhanced with the concentrations of S-ABA increasing, GSA reduced while the concentrations was more than 35mg/kg. 35mg/kg was most suitable for SS synthesis activity and 30mg/kg was the best for SS decomposition activity. The effective concentrations of increasing sugar yield was 30mg/kg toTianyan 7, and Shuangfeng 319 was 35mg/kg, the same time, ash (K+ , Na+) andα-amino nitrogen content in dray matter descented.The yield and quality of sugar beet could be significant improved while the concentrations of G-ABA between 20mg/kg and 25mg/kg, the effective concentrations of Tianyan 7 was 20mg/kg, and of Shuangfeng 319 was 25mg/kg. Different concentrations adapted to different enzyme activity, the SS decomposition activity was enhanced in root, NRA and GSA in functional leaves under concentrations of G-ABA was 20mg/kg, and SS synthetic activity in root was enhanced under 25mg/kg..While the concentrations of DA-6 was between 7.5mg/kg and 10mg/kg, yield and quality was increased, the favorritest concentrations of Tianyan 7 was 10mg/kg and Shuangfeng 319 was 7.5mg/kg. Each concentrations of DA-6 could significant reduced the ash (K~+ , Na~+)andα-amino nitrogen content of shuangfeng 319. The effective concentrations on NRA and GSA was 10mg/kg. The effective concentrations on SS synthesis activity was 7.5mg/kg, and on decomposition activity更多还原