【作者】 张鹏；

【导师】 秦智伟；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 蔬菜育种学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 黄瓜是一种重要的蔬菜作物,其嫩果清脆可口,营养丰富,在世界各地广泛种植,而且我国自七十年代就已经成为世界黄瓜生产面积和总产量最高的国家。黄瓜是喜温植物,但不耐高温,高温下常伴随产量下降,商品性差,抗逆性下降等现象发生。随着全球温室效应增强,气候逐渐变暖,蔬菜耐热性的研究也已经受到普遍重视,尤其黄瓜还是保护地栽培面积最大的蔬菜作物,对黄瓜的耐热性研究更为重要。本试验研究了供试亲本材料的耐热性,检验了耐热性鉴定指标,对黄瓜耐热性在F2代分离情况进行正态性检验,检验黄瓜耐热性遗传模型,估计各遗传参数和基因效应,为黄瓜耐热性研究奠定了理论基础。主要研究结果包括:（1）对高温胁迫下黄瓜品种种子萌发期胚根长度、丙二醛含量、过氧化物酶活性,苗期脯氨酸积累量、细胞质膜热稳定性,成株期产量变化率做出鉴定和分析,除了丙二醛以外,各鉴定指标和耐热性相关性较好,可以作为黄瓜耐热性鉴定的参考指标。最终选定细胞质膜热稳定性为黄瓜耐热性遗传分析的鉴定指标。（2）对黄瓜耐热性F₂代分离度的正态分布检验结果表明,黄瓜耐热性在F₂代分离群体中,呈现连续性变异而且符合正态分布。黄瓜耐热性是多基因控制的数量遗传,由主效基因控制。（3）对黄瓜耐热性遗传模型检验结果表明:黄瓜耐热性符合加性-显性遗传模型,以加性效应为主,显性效应较小,没有上位性效应。与显性方差相比,环境方差显得更为重要,受到一定的环境影响。而且黄瓜耐热性的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力较高。（4）在耐热亲本中,631-1加性负效应最大,并且达到极显著水平,以631-1作为杂交亲本有利于提高黄瓜耐热性。加性负效应值其次是津研四号,津研四号也可以作为耐热亲本。（5）631-1×津研四号组合双亲同为耐热性较好的亲本,但是无耐热杂种优势或不及亲本耐热。602×D9320组合亲本都是热敏感亲本,显性正效应很大,达到极显著水平。631-1×D9320显性负效应最大,631-1×602其次,可能是亲缘关系较远造成的杂种优势,引起了耐热性表现的显著提高。总体上看,631-1和津研四号配合力较好,可以作为黄瓜耐热育种的亲本。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cucumber is an important vegetable plant, its fruit is delicious, full of nutrient and is cultivated in the world wide .In 1970s our country has been the country with the highest planting area and production in cucumber.Cucumber is fond of warm, but does not tolerant high temperature. In high temperature, cucumber will have decreasing production and bad commodity and weak stress tolerance ability. With the increasing global green house effect, the climate turn warm gradually, the research of heat tolerance in vegetable has been paid more attention, especially as the vegetable plant with the biggest cultivation area in protected culture the research on cucumber heat tolerance is more importance. The experiment studied the heat tolerance of the provide parents, test the index of heat tolerance identification, test positively the separation in F2 generation heat tolerance, and the genentic model of cucumber heat tolerance. Estimate the genetic parameter and gene effect, which provide principle base for heat tolerance research in cucumber.The mostly production of study:（1）The research analyse the length of radicle of cucumber seed treated with high temperature in germinating period, the content of MDA, the activity of catalase, the accumulating content of proline in seedling stage, cytoplasm membrane heat stability, and the change ratio of production in mature stage. There is good relativity between the identification index and heat tolerance, which could be looked as the reference index of cucumber heat tolerance identification. The research choose the heat tolerance stability of cytoplasmic film as the identification index of cucumber heat tolerance genetic analyse.（2）The normal distribution test of cucumber F₂ generation heat tolerance shows that heat tolerance in cucumber F₂ generation present continuity variance and obey the normal school.Heat tolerance of cucumber is quantity genetic controlled by multiple gene and controlled by major gene.（3） The test result of heat tolerance genetic model in cucumber shows that heat tolerance obey the additive -dominance genetic model, additive effect plays the main role ,and dominance effect plays the lesser role, no epistasis effect exists. Compared with the dominance variance, environmental variance is more important and cucumber is more easily affected by environment. Broad heritability and narrow heritability are higher in heat tolerance of cucumber.更多还原