【作者】 李海涛；

【导师】 于国萍；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 食品科学与工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 葛根是一种有丰富营养而且药理作用独特的药食两用资源,用途极为广泛。葛根中的异黄酮类物质作为葛根的活性成分,其药理保健功能和临床治疗作用正逐渐被人们所认识和关注。本文以葛根总异黄酮及葛根素的提取率为指标,综合考察了各种因素对葛根二种提取工艺的影响;然后以二指标综合评分法为数据分析方法,采用正交实验分别优选出二种提取工艺的最佳方案;并对葛根二种提取工艺的提取效果进行了比较,为实现工业化生产提供了理论基础。另外以小白鼠作为实验对象,对葛根异黄酮提取液的解酒功效进行了初步研究。在对溶剂回流提取工艺的研究中,以单因素实验考察了葛根原料的粒度(粉碎度)、浸提溶剂的种类、浓度和用量(固液比)、提取温度、提取时间、提取次数等各因素对葛根提取效果的影响;以葛根总异黄酮及葛根素提取率的综合评分作为指标,通过正交实验确定了溶剂回流提取葛根的优选工艺参数:在葛根原料粒度固定的前提下,溶剂为浓度80%的乙醇,固液比为1:30,在70℃水浴加热回流浸提2h。在对超声波辅助提取工艺的研究中,重点考察了溶剂浓度,超声时间,超声浸提温度对葛根提取效果的影响;同样以葛根总异黄酮及葛根素提取率的综合评分作为指标,通过正交实验优选了葛根超声波辅助提取工艺参数。最佳参数为:在固液比和原料粒度固定的前提下,乙醇溶剂浓度为70%,超声温度为70℃,浸提时间30min。通过实验对葛根二种提取工艺优选方案的提取效果进行了比较,结果表明:超声波辅助提取工艺可以在较短时间内达到较高的提取率。与溶剂回流提取工艺相比,葛根总异黄酮的提取率提高了3.13%,葛根素的提取率提高了5.96%;且所用溶剂量较少。极大的节约了能耗和提高了效率。通过葛根解酒功效的初步研究,可知:在饮酒前灌胃葛根异黄酮提取液可以极显著缩短小白鼠的醉酒时间,与空白对照组相比较,从正常到醉酒时间相对延长了65.96%,而醒酒时间相对提前了14.92%。二个指标均存在着明显的显著性差异(p<0.01)。在饮酒后灌胃葛根异黄酮提取液,与空白对照组相比较,小鼠的醒酒时间显著缩短了9.34%(p<0.05)。说明葛根提取液具有显著的防醉解酒功效。在饮酒前灌胃葛根异黄酮提取液,酒后30～180min的时间内,灌胃葛根提取液的小鼠血液中乙醇浓度均低于空白对照组,分别在60min、90min、120min、180min时与空白对照组相比较有极显著差异(p<0.01)。初步说明葛根提取液是通过抑制乙醇胃肠吸收和加速乙醇降解代谢以降低机体血醇浓度,从而起到解酒防醉的功效。。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pueraria is an important constituent for drag and food since it has a lot of nutriments and particular medicative effects and has been widely used. As the main active component of Pueraria, Puerarin has been paid more and more attention and known for its medicative health protection function and clinic cure effect.The extraction rate of sum pueraria flavone and puerarin have been used for indication, we integrate survey the effect of factors in process on two extraction craftwork; and analysed by two factors integrative grade way; with the orthogonal test, the optimal operarion parameters of extraction process were chosen; the technique and character have been compared between two distilling procedures, and reference would be offered to industrial extraction of isoflavone from Puerarin lobata. The mice was selected to experiment object and relieving alcoholism function was studied by extracting solution from Pueraria.The effect on extraction rate from Pueraria was studied by factors including granularity、kind of solvent、amount、temperature、time and times of extraction by single factors in experiment. The extraction rate of sum Pueraria isoflavone and Puerarin have been used for indication, the optimal operarion parameters of solvent reflux extraction process were chosen by the orthogonal test: with the granularity fixed, solvent concentraction is 80% alcohol, the rate of solid to liquid is 1:30, refluxing extracted 2h in 70℃water bath.Effect of concentraction、time、temperature on extraction rate was studied mostly in ultrasonic extraction research; with the extraction rate of Pueraria isoflavone and Puerarin been index mark, the optimal operarion parameters of ultrasonic extraction process were chosen by the orthogonal test. The optimal operarion parameters: with the granularity and amount fixed, solvent concentraction is 70% alcohol, 30min in 70℃ultrasonic bath.The extraction rate have been compared between two optimizing program of extraction processing, the result indicate: extraction with ultrasonic assistant could reach upper extraction rate in short time, compared to the solvent reflex method, extraction with ultrasonic can increase the rate of sum flavone extraction 3.13%, increase the rate of puerarin 5.96%; and it need fewer solvent.so the extraction with ultrasonic can save the energy and increase efficiency.Through studying on relieving alcoholism function by Puerarin, we can know that: it can reduce the drunk time of the mice into which filled the puerarin befor drink, compared to blank control, the time from normal to drunkenness prolonged 65.96% relatively, and the time sober up更多还原