【作者】 顾志桦；

【导师】 胡旭晓；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 热已成为制约超精密加工发展的主要因素之一，为了改善超精密加工过程中的热态特性，传统的改善方法是被动地控制热流，结合国家自然科学基金资助项目(5047102)“半主动广义热阻控制技术研究”和浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(M503213)“具有大进给力的纳米系统关键技术研究”，故此提出基于复合材料的主动控制热流方式。本文在完成控制系统软、硬件设计的基础上，建立了基于金属变形体热变形的纳米级进给部件的虚拟样机，开展对主动热流控制器的不同材料的导热系数、热容量、密度的研究，分析不同的结构、不同试验条件对热流放大倍数的影响，最终确定了基于金属基复合材料的主动热流控制器方案。并提出了确定模型参数的方法—分段指数拟合方法，获得热流控制器的数学模型及传递函数，对热流控制器在不同的输入、不同的空气环境下的特性进行了分析，并针对在对流系数改变条件下进行了控制策略的研究以及仿真。具体包括： 第一章，阐述了金属基复合材料的发展现状及应用前景，结合国内外热流控制的研究现状及国外工业发达国家该技术的发展趋势，提出了本论文的研究内容和各章节的安排。 第二章，本章在分析热流控制器理论基础后，并结合热量传递的三种基本方式，简化热传导偏微分方程，通过理论推导建立了基于复合材料的主动热流控制器的虚拟样机，获得热流控制器的数学模型，并对影响热流变化的各个参数进行了仿真。 第三章，系统的介绍了以AT9155800A为核心的控制器的系统软硬件实现方案。包括ARM控制器的设计，上位机液晶显示、键盘输入，半导体制冷器应用，并重点介绍了精密温度测量以及CAN通信的应用，最后讲述了信号完整性与EMC在控制器中的应用。 第四章，本章给出了大量的实验数据和图表，分析了普通型结构热流控制器和改进型热流控制器的特点，分析了热流放大倍数与不同结构、不同材料、不同实验条件是相关的，并论证了复合材料的优越性，确定了基于复合材料的改进型结构的主动热流控制器的最终方案。 第五章，考虑到温度场具有非线性、时滞及模型参数变化的特点，为了建立比较精确的数学模型，针对多阶指数型函数提出逐级递推的拟合方法。并通过运用此方法分别确定了普通结构和改进型结构热流控制器的数学模型，对两种不同结构的动态响应特性进行了研究。 第六章，本章分析了最终方案的主动热流控制器的一些输入特性以及随环境更多还原

【Abstract】 Heat is an important factor that restrict the development of Ultra-precision processing, in order to improve the heat characteristic in the Ultra-precision processing, the traditional methods is controlling thermal flow passively, combing with the project supported by national natural science foundation of China (No. 50475102) and natural science foundation of Zhejiang province (M503213), an active thermal flow control scheme based on composite materials is presented. Not only the software and hardware design of this control system is completed, but also the virtual prototypes based on temperature field change of active thermal flow controller is established. Research on coefficient of heat conductivity, caloric receptivity, thermal displacement, different structure, different experimental condition on thermal flow controller is developed, and the last scheme of thermal flow controller is determined. The multi-order exponential fitting method is first presented which can determine the parameters of modal, the mathematic modal and the transfer function are obtained. The characteristic of thermal flow controller under different input and different experimental condition is analyzed. Including:Chapter 1, the development status and application prospect of nano matrix composites are represented, combing with the research existing state of thermal flow control all over the world and development tendency of this technique in developed country, research content is presented in this chapter, meanwhile, each chapter of this dissertation is arranged.Chapter 2, the theory of active thermal flow is analyzed, combing with the three kinds of heat transfer, virtual prototypes of thermal flow controller is established by simplifying partial differential equation based on thermal conduction, and the mathematic model is obtained, the effects to response characteristic that caused by variation of the key parameters are simulated.Chapter 3, the software and hardware design of the control system, include the design of ARM microcontroller, the LCD display, the keyboard input, the application of peltier cell, CAN bus, and the Ultra-precision temperature inspection circuit is put in emphasis, last the application of signal integrity and EMC in the control circuit in introduced.Chapter 4, a large number of data and table are presented, the characteristic of common structure and improved structure thermal flow controller is compared, the coefficient of heat conductivity, caloric receptivity, thermal displacement, different structure, different experimental condition on thermal flow controller is researched, and the improved structure is proved to be prior更多还原