医疗垃圾焚烧炉计算机监控系统的研究开发

【作者】 郑景军；

【导师】 袁镇福； 浦兴国； 周洁；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 工程热物理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 湖州市医疗垃圾焚烧处理系统是浙江大学热能工程研究所研制的回转窑+循环流化床多段医疗垃圾热解焚烧技术的实际应用示范项目，为了保障该示范项目的正常运行，需要为其配备一套安全、稳定的计算机监控系统。根据医疗垃圾焚烧处理系统的实际情况，借鉴国内外一些先进技术和经验，对小型热工监控系统的应用进行了深入的研究。本文的研究工作正是围绕着湖州医疗垃圾焚烧炉计算机热工监控系统的研制而展开的，重点是监控系统软件、硬件设计和自动控制功能的实现。 本项研究中采用可编程控制器(PLC)作为下位机、工业控制计算机(PC)作为上位机与各种热工参数传感器、变送器、操作控制器等组成一个集散控制系统(DCS)，自动监测医疗垃圾焚烧炉的各项运行参数，并对医疗垃圾焚烧炉实行自动控制与调节。监控系统包括自动检测与远程自动控制两大部分，PLC负责完成数据采集及远程自动控制调节，建立上位机PC机与下位机PLC的通讯，操作人员通过PC机监视医疗垃圾焚烧系统各运行参数监视和控制，实现人机对话，保证焚烧系统“安全、经济、稳定”的运行。 本文的研究工作还包括上位机(PC)和下位机(PLC)的软件开发。上位机软件在通用组态软件“组态王”的开发平台上研制开发，具有强大的监测和控制功能和友好的用户界面，实现了运行参数的列表显示、流程图模拟显示与趋势显示、报警提示、历史查询、工作报表等功能。下位机软件由西门子STEP—7软件包开发，完成监控系统的数据采集、控制回路和控制算法等功能，采用了带死区的三段式智能PID控制原理设计焚烧处理系统各控制回路的自动控制。 通过本课题的研究工作，希望能为开发性能良好的小型实时热工监控系统提供一条有效的参考途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Medical Garbage Incinerator in HuZhou City is a demonstrative project, which is developed by the Institute of Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang University. To ensure the feasibility of medical garbage incinerator system, a steady and dependable monitoring and controlling system is very necessary. According to situations of the medical garbage incinerator, this paper does deeply research on the thermal monitoring-controlling system, while considering of advanced technology and experience domestically and abroad. The key points of this paper include the design of software and hardware of the system, and the realization of automatic control function.The monitoring-controlling system adopts a total distributed control system (DCS) constituted by a programmable logic controller (PLC), a computer (PC) and thermal power engineering signal sensors, senders, controllers, etc. This system can monitor thermal parameters and perform automatic control. The PLC is used to collect thermal parameters’ data and achieve automatic control, while the PC is adopted to monitor the operation process and data process by communicating with PLC. This system enables the control system to be operated safely and reliably, and then brings many conveniences to the operator.This paper contents software development of PLC and PC. The software for PC is developed by King View to be effective and friendly to operators, which can realize many functions such as list-display of thermal parameters, process display, alarming, history querying, and automatic setting, etc. The software for PLC is programmed by STEP-7, which completes data transferring and auto-control functions. What’s more, this control system uses intelligent PID controller to design all automatic control loops.Through this project, I hope to supply a good way for building a good small real-time thermal engineering monitoring-controlling system.更多还原