【作者】 李彪；

【导师】 胡旭跃； 陈健强；

【作者基本信息】 长沙理工大学 ， 港口、海岸及近海工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 河流的综合开发与利用是现代社会追求的目标，为了充分利用水能资源，又解决好通航问题，通常是在河流上进行梯级开发，枢纽修建以后其使对库区的淹没作用和对下游的流量调节作用均能得益。但梯级枢纽间河段通航水流条件又常常受到很多因素的影响，如水库的调节作用，产生的水流波动却对上、下游航道内水流产生很大的影响。特别是梯级枢纽间河道通航水位受到上、下游枢纽调节所产生非恒定流的双重影响，水流条件变化复杂，水位变幅很大时，可能严重地影响到通航。因此在河流的梯级开发过程中，研究水库调节非恒定流对梯级枢纽间河段通航水流条件的影响，提出相应的通航水力指标，对保障船舶安全航行和人民生命财产安全是非常重要的；同时还为山区河流梯级开发提供技术支持。 本文依托《沅水航运开发技术研究》项目，在查阅大量文献和资料调查的基础上、采用数值模拟和理论分析相结合的研究方法，对水库调节对下游河道通航水流条件的影响进行了较为系统、深入的分析研究。 首先建立了以Preissmann隐式差分格式为基础的一维非恒定流数学模型，然后由清水塘至大洑潭河段实测资料给予了验证，可见该模型能应用于长河段非恒定流的计算。 然后采用上述数学模型对清水塘至大洑潭河段水库调节非恒定流进行计算，根据计算的结果，对比三种不同边界条件下清水塘至大洑潭河道各水力要素指标变化，分析了水库调节泄流对两坝间航运的影响程度。 最后在计算、分析清水塘至大洑潭河段水库调节非恒定流的基础上，提出两坝间通航水力指标要求，并且深入地分析了水库调节非恒定流对下游航道的影响程度和范围。 本文的工作仅对水库调节非恒定流对下游航运的影响作了一些初步的研究，其结果对航运和水库调度有一定的指导意义。但由于水库调节问题的复杂性，还有许多问题需要进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Comprehensive exploitation and using of rivers are goals which are pursued in modern society . In order to solve navigation problem and take full advantage of hydraulic resources , the stave development is usually carried out on rivers. After the hydraulic project has been constructed,it will be able to benefit reservoir submergence and flow control of downstream. But, navigation flow condition of the reach between cascade hydraulic projects are frequently affected by many factors.For instance, the fluent fluctuating caused by the reservoir regulation has very tremendous influence to water flow in upstream and in downstream. Specially the navigation’s water level of the reach between cascade hydraulic projects is double affected by unsteady flow which is produced by hydraulic project’s regulation in upstream and in downstream.When fluent condition’s change is complex and the amplitude of water level’s change is very big, navigation may be seriously influenced. Therefore during stave development process, the influences of the reservoir regulation’s unsteady flow in the reach between cascade hydraulic projects on navigation flow condition is studied, corresponding navigation hydraulic targets are proposed . It is very important to safeguard the ships safe navigation and the people’s life and property security, At the same time it also provides the technical support for stave development of the mountainous rivers.This text depends on the project of "The Yuan River Shipping Development Engineering research", adopted the research methods of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis.The text are based upon referring the massive literature and investigation of the material. The influences of reservoir regulation on navigation flow condition in downstream are systematical studied in the text.Firstly, The mathematics model adapting to one-dimensional unsteady flow is founded,which based on the Preissmann implicit differential scheme, and has been verified by the field data of the reach from Qing Shui Tang to Da Fu Tan. Obviously this model can be applied to unsteady flow computation of the long-distance channel.Then adpoted the mathematical model above to compute the unsteady flow of reservoir regulation in the beach from Qing Shui Tang to Da Fu Tan, according to result which is calculated, various hydraulic elements target change of the beach from Qing Shui Tang to Da Fu Tan under three kinds of different boundary更多还原