【作者】 杨涛；

【导师】 周健；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 市政工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着小城镇污水处理适用技术缺乏问题的日益突出,论文针对中、高浓度城镇污水水质特点,研制出将有机物、氮磷去除,沉淀,过滤,消毒等工艺单元集为一体的多级生物膜污水处理反应器,在反应器中构建了适于污泥减量的多级生物膜、序批式生物膜解偶联环境及同时硝化反硝化微环境。研究获得了反应器高效同时硝化反硝化的关键参数,同时得出了一体化多级生物膜反应器处理中、高浓度小城镇污水的最佳运行工况参数,特别是冬季低温下的脱氮除磷的技术参数。此外,采用间歇曝气及排泥强化了连续流生物膜反应器除磷效能,通过多点进水方式改善了高氮、低碳小城镇污水脱氮碳源缺乏问题。研究得出如下主要结论:(1)中浓度城镇污水处理试验结果表明:水温25℃时,有机负荷为1.2 kgCOD/m~3·d、氮负荷为0.28kgN/m~3·d、HRT=6.0h时,可使进水COD=320mg/L、TN=68mg/L,NH4+-N=62mg/L,出水COD、TN、NH4+-N分别为15mg/L、14mg/L、7.35mg/L,达到国家一级排放标准。较同类型脱氮反应器处理效能提高30%。(2)高氮城镇污水处理试验结果表明:在温度为20℃,有机负荷为0.85KgCOD/m3·d、氮负荷为0.27KgN/m3·d,HRT=9h、分点进水条件下,可使进水COD为320mg/L、TN为100mg/L,NH4+-N为85mg/L的高氮城镇污水,NH4+–N、TN去除率分别为91.81%、79.35%,出水COD、TN、NH4+-N分别为16mg/L、19.8mg/L、6.86mg/L达到国家一级排放标准。通过分点进水提高了碳源利用效率,与一点进水相比,在相同条件下可使总氮去除率提高10%左右。(3)冬季低温试验表明:在5～8℃条件下,氮负荷为0.16KgN/m3·d,HRT为16h,DO为7～8mg/L时,可使进水COD=320mg/L、TN=90mg/L、NH4+-N=75mg/L的高氮城镇污水,出水TN、NH4+-N分别达到为21.32mg/L、7.35mg/L。若考虑除磷效果,采用间歇曝气在HRT=20h,氮负荷为0.1kgN/m3·d时出水TN、NH4+-N分别为20.3mg/L、9.8mg/L,达到国家一级排放标准。(4)反应器除磷试验表明:在反应器第一级采用间歇曝气(停曝/曝气时间=0.5h/1h),PO43--P的去除率达到40%,提高了20%。在此基础上,通过加强排泥后,出水PO43--P去除率为50%,增加了10%。同时生物膜反应器出水在反应器斜板沉淀区上方的煤渣滤料停留2h,可使出水PO43--P<0.5mg/L,达到国家一级排放标准。(5)反应器污泥减量试验表明:在整个试验过程中,多级生物膜反应器具有良好的污泥减量效果,平均污泥产率为0.045KgMLSS/KgCOD,约为常规活性污泥法的1/10。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper in view of the medium and high concentrated small town sewage, develops the organic matter, the nitrogen and the phosphorus removes, deposition, filter craft units collection and so on disinfection to the integrative multistage biofilm equipment, and has obtained the parameter of the reactor highly effective at simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The multistage biofilm and sequence uncoupled environment constructed in the reactor has been suitable for the sludge reduction and the excess sludge quantity obviously reduces. At the same time the best operating parameter has been obtained in integrated multistage biofilm reactor processing the medium and highly concentrated sewage water, especially under the winter low temperature. And using the means of intermittent aeration and excluding excess sludge to enhance the removal of phosphorus in the continuum flow biofilm reactor. Infall through the multi- spots improves the carbon source lacked question for the nitrogen removal from the high-nitrogen and low-carbon small town sewage. Draws the following main conclusion:(1) The medium concentrated small town sewage treatment test indicated: With the conditions of the temperature=25℃, the organic load rating 1.2 KgCOD/m3 d, the nitrogen load rating=0.28KgN/m3 d, HRT=6.0h, the seweage (COD=320mg/L, TN=68mg/L, NH4+-N=62mg/L) treated, the outlet water’s COD, TN, NH4+-N respectively are 15mg/L, 14mg/L, 7.35mg/L, achieved a national level discharges standard. Comparing the similar reactor enhances 30%.(2) The high nitrogen small town sewage treatment test indicated: With the conditions of the temperature=20℃, the organic load rating=0.85KgCOD/m3 d, the nitrogen load rating=0.27KgN/m3 d, HRT=9h and two infalls to enter the reactor, the high nitrogen seweage(COD=320mg/L,TN=100mg/L, NH4+-N=85mg)treated,T,NH4+-N and TN removing rate respectively is 91.81%, 79.35%,and outlat water’s COD,TN and NH4+-N respectively are 16mg/L, 19.8mg/L and 6.86mg/L,and achieved a national level discharges standard. Through two infalls to enhance the carbon source use efficiency, with one infall compared to, may cause the TN removal rate enhancement under the same condition about 10%.(3) The winter cold temperature test indicated: With the conditions of the temperature=5～8℃,the nitrogen load rating=0.16KgN/m3 d, HRT=16h and DO=7～更多还原