【作者】 李仁佩；

【导师】 武建华；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 固体力学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 悬索结构自重轻、施工方便并且便于适应各种建筑造型,近年来随着科学技术的进步,悬索结构尤其是大跨度的索网结构得到了越来越广泛的应用,不少研究人员提出了各种分析方法并进行了一定数量的实验研究,这些都促进了悬索结构的应用和发展。索网结构属于柔性的空间张拉结构,这种结构只有在施加了预应力之后才具有刚度,也才可以承受外力作用。在边界约束条件和结构拓扑条件确定的前提下,如何确定一个和结构预应力条件相适应的几何构形,就构成了空间柔性结构中的初始平衡问题,也就是找形分析问题。索网结构找形分析完成以后就可以继续进行其静力分析和动力分析。索网的找形分析、静力分析和动力分析构成了索网结构分析的主要部分。对索网结构的找形分析问题,本文首先介绍了常用的分析方法,包括动力松弛法和有限元法,并且在综合各种文献分析成果的基础上提出了对动力松弛法的几个改进措施,采用本文的改进措施可以实现简单高效的动力松弛法找形分析。到目前为止,索网结构的分析方法主要还是分为解析法和有限元法两类。在索网结构研究的初期人们多用解析法对索网进行分析,但不可否认的是这种方法公式复杂、计算量大,并且根据解析法公式编制计算机程序非常困难,所以在现今计算机技术发达的时代有限元法得到了广泛的应用和发展。本文首先介绍了目前常用的索网结构有限元分析方法。文献[15]提出的四节点等参元理论具有精度高、计算工作量适当的特点,但该文献对这种理论的应用主要集中在单索结构上面,本文致力于将该理论的应用推广到索网结构的分析上来。文中依据该理论采用FORTRAN95编制计算机程序进行了索网结构的找形分析和静力分析,并且还采用大型通用有限元分析软件ANSYS对算例进行了分析并和四节点等参元理论的计算结果进行了对照以证明本文计算方法的正确性。从整个计算过程可以看出,四节点等参元理论取得了计算精度和计算代价的平衡,并且采用该方法可以将索网结构的找形分析、静力分析和动力分析从前到后由同一种分析理论承接起来,便于全过程分析软件的编制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cable structure has a small deadweight, and it is convenient to be constructed and to be adjusted to many kinds of architectural shape. With the progress of the science and technology of these years, the cable structure especially the long-span cable net structure is being used more and more widely. Researchers have proposed many kinds of analyzing methods and have carried out some experiments. All of these have pushed forward the application and development of the cable structure.The cable net structure belongs to the flexible spatial tensile structure which has stiffness and can bear loads only after the prestress is applied. With the precondition of the boundary constraint condition and structure geometry being determined, the problem of how to determine a geometry shape which is adapted to the structure prestress condition is the problem of the initial shape determination of the cable net structure, also the problem of form finding. The static analysis and dynamic analysis of the cable net structure can be carried out after the form finding of the structure. Form finding, static analysis and dynamic analysis constitute the main parts of the cable net structure analysis.To the problem of form finding of the cable net structure, this paper firstly gives the introduction of the widely used analyzing methods which include the dynamic relaxation method and the finite element method. Based on the analyzing results of many related reference literatures, this paper figures out several improved measures of the method, which can realize the simple and effective form finding analysis of the dynamic relaxation method.Of course until now, the analyzing method of the cable net structure is still mainly classified into two types, of which one is the analytical method and the other is the finite element method. During the early time of the research, the analytical method was used more frequently, but what can’t be denied is that this kind of method is complicated in its formula form and has much computing work to do when it is used, and it is quite difficult to compile the computer program with this kind of method. So the finite element method is widely used and greatly developed in such a era when the computer technology is highly developed. This paper firstly introduces the finite element methods which are often used nowadays. The reference [15] brought forward the four-node isoparametric element method which has a high computing precision and also the更多还原