【作者】 王凤文；

【导师】 张庆国；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 气象学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 森林生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,与其他植被类型相比,陆地上的森林植被具有最广泛的分布面积和最大的生物量积累,在陆地碳循环中发挥着重要作用。森林植被碳贮量占陆地生态系统植被碳贮量的绝大部分,其平均碳贮存密度也比农田和草地等生态系统植物的碳密度高得多。森林生态系统土壤呼吸是森林生态系统土壤碳库向大气中释放CO₂的一个重要过程,是森林生态系统碳循环的重要组成部分。本文通过研究不同林地类型土壤呼吸与环境因子的动态关系,得出以下结论:（1）大别山针叶林、阔叶林和混交林生态系统土壤呼吸存在明显的日变化特征,为单峰型曲线。与土壤温度的变化趋势基本一致。一般是早晨土壤呼吸速率最低,然后随着温度的升高,土壤呼吸速率逐渐升高,达到最高值以后,再逐渐下降。（2）不同森林生态系统土壤呼吸存在季节变化规律,大别山三种森林生态系统的土壤呼吸速率在秋季最大,在冬季最小,大蜀山混交林生态系统土壤呼吸速率在夏季最大,在冬季最小。（3）通过回归分析得到不同林地类型土壤呼吸与气温之间的相互关系,并建立土壤呼吸与不同高度气温之间的回归方程,通过相关性分析得出土壤呼吸与各个高度气温之间存在比较好的相关关系,大别山针叶林土壤呼吸气温之间的相关系数在0.527—0.538（**）（p<0.01）;混交林土壤呼吸与气温之间的相关系数在0.533—0.542（**）（p<0.01）;阔叶林土壤呼吸与气温之间相关系数在0.517—0.523（**）（p<0.01）;大蜀山混交林土壤呼吸与气温相关系数在0.776—0.782（**）（p<0.01）,说明不同林地类型土壤呼吸与气温之间具有比较显著的相关关系。（4）通过回归分析得到不同林型土壤呼吸与不同层次土壤温度的回归方程,并利用相关性分析得到土壤呼吸与不同层次土壤温度之间的相关系数,结果显示,大别山针叶林、阔叶林和混交林土壤呼吸与地表温度的相关性比较好,大蜀山混交林土壤呼吸与地下5cm土壤温度相关性最好,相关系数为0.779（**）（p<0.01）。（5）通过对观测数据的回归分析和相关分析可以得到不同林地类型土壤呼吸与0-5cm和5-10cm土层土壤有机质存在极显著的相关关系,相关系数在0.823（**）（p<0.01）以上。由此可知,土壤有机质对不同林地类型土壤呼吸的影响比较显著。（6）通过对不同林地类型土壤呼吸与大气环境和土壤环境之间的回归分析和相关性分析可知道,四种林地类型土壤呼吸与大气温度、浅层土壤温度和土壤有机质之间具有较强的相关性,相关系数分别为:大蜀山混交林为:0.781（**）、0.779（**）和0.887（**）;大别山针叶林为:0.538（**）、0.550（**）和0.978（**）;大别山阔叶林为:0.517（**）、0.503（**）和0.925（*）;大别山混交林为:0.542（**）、0.561（**）和0.964（*）。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forest ecosystems are important components of terrestrial ecosystems. Comparing with other vegetation types, land forest vegetations, having the wide distribution area and the largest biomass accumulation, play an important role in the carbon cycles of terrestrial ecosystems. Carbon storages of forest vegetation, whose average density of carbon storages are higher than that of farmland and grassland ecosystems, take most part of carbon storages of terrestrial ecosystems. Soil respirations of forest ecosystems are important process of forest ecosystems releasing CO₂ from soil carbon pool into atmosphere, which are important components of the carbon cycle of Forest ecosystems. This paper obtained the following conclusions by studied the dynamic relations between soil respiration of different woodland types and several environmental factors.（1） There are some obvious daily changes of soil respiration between coniferous forest, broadleaf forest and mixed stand of Dabie Mountain, whose character is a curve of single-peak type, with the consistent trend of soil temperature changes. Generally, soil respiration rate is the lowest in the morning, then, with the temperature rising, soil respiration rates rise gradually, and after reaching the highest value, then declining gradually.（2） Different forest ecosystems soil respiration exist seasonal changes. The soil respiration rate of Dabie Mountain three forest ecosystems reach the highest value in the autumn and the lowest value in the winter. The soil respiration rate of Dashu Mountain mixed stand ecosystems reach the highest value in the summer and the lowest value in the winter.（3） Interrelationships between the soil respiration of different woodland types and temperature were obtained by regression analysis, building regression equation between soil respiration and temperatures at different heights. Through analysis of the correlation know it exists a better correlation relations between soil respiration and temperatures at various heights. Correlation coefficient is 0.527—0.538（**）（p<0.01）between of Dabie Mountain coniferous forest soil respiration; 0.533—0.542（**）（ p<0.01 ） between temperature and Broadleaf forest soil respiration; 0.776—0.782（**）（p<0.01） between mixed stand soil respiration and Temperature. It says between soil respiration and Temperature of different woodland types exist conspicuous interrelationship Relations.（4） Through regression analysis can get the regression equation between soil respiration of different woodland types and soil temperature of different levels, using correlation analysis gets correlation coefficient between soil respiration of different woodland types and Soil temperature of different levels. The result shows: the correlation between Dabie Mountain coniferous forest, Broadleaf forest and soil respiration of Mixed stand is better, the best correlation is between Dashu Mountain mixed stand soil respiration and soil temperature Underground 5cm. Correlation coefficient is 0.779（**）（p<0.01）.（5） Through regression analysis of the observational data and Related analysis can reach that soil respiration of different woodland types and soil organic matter in 0-5cm ,5-10cm soil exist Very significant interrelationship, correlation coefficient is over 0.823（**）（p<0.01）.Known from this , soil organic matter to Different types of woodland soil respiration impact is more remarkable.（6） Known through regression analysis and correlation analysis between soil respiration of different woodland types and atmospheric environment and soil environment, among four types of woodland soil respiration and atmospheric temperature、shallow soil temperature and soil organic matter have more correlation. Correlation coefficient Respectively is: Dashu Mountain mixed stand 0.781（**）、0.779（**） and 0.887（**）; Dabie Mountain coniferous forest 0.538（**）、0.550（**） and 0.978（**）;Dabie Mountain broadleaf forest 0.517（**）、0.503（**） and 0.925（*）; Dabie Mountain mixed stand 0.542（**）、0.561（**） and 0.964（*）.更多还原